Identifying Halides.

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Testing for halide ions

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Presentation transcript:

Identifying Halides

Testing for HALIDE ions – chloride, bromide and iodide ions Most halides are soluble. ... so add dilute NITRIC ACID Then add SILVER NITRATE solution Chloride, bromide & iodide ions produce different coloured PRECIPITATES.

DESIGN your own table to record your results Practical 15 minutes DESIGN your own table to record your results Halides Use your method and observe the reaction between the three known halides with acid and silver nitrate to see the positive result. Then determine which halide is in A, B, C, D, E

Ag+ (aq) + X- (aq)  AgX (s) Halides Test Add dilute nitric acid THEN add silver nitrate If a precipitate forms then a halide ion is present The nitric acid is added first to remove any carbonate ions, as these would react with the silver nitrate and form a precipitate too. Chlorides: White precipitate Bromides: Cream Precipitate Iodides: Pale yellow precipitate Ionic equation (X- represents the halide ion): Ag+ (aq) + X- (aq)  AgX (s)

Testing for HALIDE ions Testing for ANIONS Testing for HALIDE ions Cl - Br - I - chloride , bromide & iodide iodide ions YELLOW precipitate (of AgI) bromide ions CREAM precipitate (of AgBr) chloride ions WHITE precipitate (of AgCl)

Ionic equations Na Cl(aq) Ag NO3(aq) Cl(s) + We aren’t interested in the sodium and nitrate ions so we simplify the equation: The state symbols are crucial, as you need to show that the silver halides (AgCl etc) are formed as solids i.e. (s). This is why you see precipitates in the reactions! Cl-(aq) Ag+(aq) Ag Cl(s) + Br-(aq) Ag+(aq) Ag Br(s) + I-(aq) Ag+(aq) Ag I(s) +