The Progressive Era (1890 -1920) 4/17/2018 1:36 PM The Progressive Era (1890 -1920) Chapter 8 © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

What was the Progressive Era? The Progressive Era was a period of social, economic, and political reform across the United States.

Common Beliefs of Progressives Urbanization and industrialization caused social and political problems Wanted state and federal government to enact laws to help the poor

What are Muckrakers? A nickname for investigative reporters Wanted to expose the ills and problems of society Name was given to reporters by Theodore Roosevelt. Also the name of an agricultural rake for spreading manure

How did religion play a role in social reform? Many thought Christianity should be the basis of social reform The social gospel movement followed the bible’s teachings about charity to help the poor

Political/government reform Direct primary- an election which citizens themselves vote to select nominees for upcoming elections

Direct Primary

Direct Primary

Political/government Reforms Initiative- gives people power to propose a new law directly on the ballot in the next election by collecting signatures on a petition

Public/government Reforms Referendum- allow citizen to approve or reject laws passed by a legislature Recall- gives voters the power to remove public servants from office before their term ends

President Theodore Roosevelt Was the 26th president of U.S. Held offices at city, state , and federal levels Was elected president after the assassination of President William McKinley Won Nobel Peace Prize

What was the square deal? The Square deal were goals set by the president to keep the wealthy and powerful from taking advantage of small businesses and the poor .

Conservation of natural resources Control of corporations 3 C’s of Square Deal Conservation of natural resources Control of corporations Consumer protection The Square deal was based on these 3 basic ideas

Roosevelt Regulates Industry Roosevelt wanted to help small businesses and protect public health, he did so by passing many laws. Hepburn Act Meat inspection Act Pure Food and Drug Act

Hepburn Act (1906) Gave government the authority to set and limit shipping cost. Also set maximum prices for ferries, Bridge tolls, and oil pipelines

Who was Woodrow Wilson Was 28th President of USA Was a democrat Was president during WWI (1914-1918) Was President from 1913-1921

Wilson’s Progressive Programs Wilson called his ideas the New Freedom New Freedom policies and amendments placed strict government control on corporations

Wilson regulates the Economy Wilson aimed to prevent big manufactures from unfairly charging high prices to their customers Wilson lowered tariffs Congress pass the 16 amendment (graduated income tax)

Federal Reserve Act 1913 Place national banks under the control of a Federal Reserve Board Protects American economy from having too much money end up in the hands of one person, bank , or region

Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Created in 1914 Monitored business practices that may led to monopolies Watched out for false advertising or dishonest labeling

Amendments

13th Amendment 1865 - Freed all slaves, abolished slavery.

14th Amendment Fourteenth Amendment and its provisions 1866, ratified 1868. It fixed provision of the Civil Rights Bill: full citizenship to all native-born or naturalized Americans, including former slaves and immigrants.

15th Amendment Ratified 1870 - No one could be denied the right to vote on account of race, color or having been a slave. It was to prevent states from amending their constitutions to deny black suffrage.

16th Amendment

17th Amendment

18th Amendment

19th Amendment

21st Amendment Passed February, 1933 to repeal the 18th Amendment (Prohibition). Congress legalized light beer. Took effect December, 1933. Based on recommendation of the Wickersham Commission that Prohibition had lead to a vast increase in crime.

22nd Amendment 1951- limited presidents to two elected terms

24th Amendment 1964 - It outlawed taxing voters, i.e. poll taxes, at presidential or congressional elections, as an effort to remove barriers to Black voters.

25th Amendment 1967-In case of the removal of the president from office or death or resignation the vice president shall become president

26th Amendment 1971- lowered the voting age nationally to 18