Jewish Immigration In America and Hawaiʻi

Jewish Immigration In America and Hawaiʻi

To America-Push Factors Religious Persecution 1492 - SPAIN 16th century-Holy Inquisition 1880’s - Russia 1903 - Kishinev pogrom By 1924 - 2 million Jews At first, did not get along with German Jews and native-born Jews Poverty, Persecution, Political Disillusionment First half of 19th century German and Polish Jews Understand Judiasm Russia-young Eastern European Jews - spoke Yiddish and were very traditional

To America-Pull Factors Religious Freedom Maintain cultural identity - HOW Opportunity make money bring loved ones Some didn’t make it

American Policies and the Jewish Population Revolutionary War Freedom of Religion and democracy Civil War Anti-semetic stereotypes General Order No. 11 Rayner-Harris National Quarantine Act (1893) Cholera-Russia (1891) Russian-Jewish typhus outbreak (1892) Sets up procedure for medical examinations President could suspend immigration Fought for freedom w/ other colonists --very important in light of religious persecution Civil War -scapegoats, chaplain, -no Jews allowed in army - Lincoln revoked the order 3, 1892, - 1,200 Russian Jewish immigrants - - placed them in quarantine to keep the epidemic from spreading. -The chairman of the U.S. Senate committee on Immigration subsequently proposed legislation severely restricting immigration, including the imposition of a literacy requirement.

Jewish Lifestyle in America American-Jews became a prominent world community Type of Judaism Changes Worked mainly in the dressing and textile industry Children move away from traditionalist ways 3rd largest group in world. New York most centralized city of Jews in All the world. 1900-1924, huge boom in immigration (mostly Easter European) It also realigned American Jewry's politics and priorities, injecting new elements of tradition, nationalism, and socialism into Jewish communal life, and seasoning its culture with liberal dashes of East European Jewish folkway

Hawaiʻi’s Small Jewish Population Little History available 1798-Whaling Ship “Jew Cook” Kalākauaʻs Torah 1840’s - traders from England and Germany Jew Cook - Written in a sailor’s log - Ebeneezer Townsend A Torah scroll and yad ("pointer") owned by the royal family of Hawaii show a connection between it and the early Jewish community. How the scroll and yad came into the possession of Kind David Kalakaua is not clear The scroll, which has disappeared, was borrowed from the descendants of the royal family for use by the Jewish community on holidays as late as 1930. The yad is now in the possession of the only synagogue in the state, Temple Emanuel, a Reform congregation.

Hawaiʻi’s Small Jewish Population Hebrew Benevolent Society - 1901 Jewish Cemetery at Pearl City Junction - 1901 Honolulu Jewish Community - Est 1938 Temple Emanuel - Est. 1951 Population Today (2006) - 6,990 0.5% of Total Population Diversity question? First organized Jewish society

Bibliography Mintz, S. (2007). Migration and Disease. Digital History. Retrieved October 19, 2011 fromhttp://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_display.cfm?HHID=422 -Credible because the site is updated daily and the information comes from a History text book that was created by the College of Education and the Department of History at the Univeristy of Houston, hence the .edu.

Bibliography •Sarna, J., and J. Golden. "The American Jewish Experience through the Nineteenth Century: Immigration and Acculturation." National Humanities Center. National Humanities Center, 2000. Web. 19 Oct 2011. <http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/tserve/nineteen/nkeyinfo/judaism.htm>. Credible because it was created by a college professor for the National Humanities Center which is an organization dedicated to educating the community about humanities. They also included a link to a “works cited” page.

Bibliography •Sheskin, Ira, and Arnold Dashefsky. "Jewish Population of the United States by State." Jewish Virtual Library. American Israeli Cooperative Enterprise, 2006. Web. 19 Oct 2011. <http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/US-Israel/usjewpop.html>. Credible because it was produced by a Jewish organization and cites its resource.

Bibliography •Palamino, Michael. "Jews in Hawaiʻi." Encyclopeida Judacia. N.p., 2008. Web. 20 Oct 2011. <http://www.geschichteinchronologie.ch/suedsee/hawaii/EncJud_juden-in-Hawaii-ENGL.html>.