© 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 1 The Moon’s internal structure is similar to Earth’s, but the Moon lacks an atmosphere. a hydrosphere. a magnetosphere. all of the above. Answer: d © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 1 The Moon’s internal structure is similar to Earth’s, but the Moon lacks an atmosphere. a hydrosphere. a magnetosphere. all of the above. Explanation: Both Earth and the Moon have a core, mantle, and crust, but Earth has a liquid water-rich layer, air, and a magnetic field. © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 2 The principal greenhouse gases in our present atmosphere are hydrogen and helium. oxygen and nitrogen. water vapor and carbon dioxide. methane and ammonia. sulfuric acid vapor and CO2. Answer: c © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 2 The principal greenhouse gases in our present atmosphere are hydrogen and helium. oxygen and nitrogen. water vapor and carbon dioxide. methane and ammonia. sulfuric acid vapor and CO2. Explanation: A greenhouse gas lets shorter-wavelength light pass through, but absorbs longer-wavelength light. © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 3 Without the greenhouse effect in our atmosphere we would not have to worry about ecological problems. the Earth’s oceans would be frozen. the amount of nitrogen and oxygen would be much less. the icecaps would have melted. global warming would still occur. Answer: b © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 3 Without the greenhouse effect in our atmosphere we would not have to worry about ecological problems. the Earth’s oceans would be frozen. the amount of nitrogen and oxygen would be much less. the icecaps would have melted. global warming would still occur. Explanation: Earth’s greenhouse effect makes the planet about 40ºC hotter than it would otherwise be. This raises the average surface temperature above the freezing point of water. © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 4 The region around Earth where the magnetic field traps charged particles is the ozone layer. exosphere. Van Allen radiation belts. corona. aurora borealis and australis. Answer: c © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 4 The region around Earth where the magnetic field traps charged particles is the ozone layer. exosphere. Van Allen radiation belts. corona. aurora borealis and australis. Explanation: The Earth’s magnetosphere influences the charged particles of the solar wind. Some particles are channeled toward the poles, creating the aurora. © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 5 At what lunar phase would the variation between high and low tides be greatest? New Moon Waxing crescent Moon Full Moon Third-quarter Moon Both new and full Moon Answer: e © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 5 At what lunar phase would the variation between high and low tides be greatest? New Moon Waxing crescent Moon Full Moon Third-quarter Moon Both new and full Moon Explanation: At new and full Moon phases, the Sun and Moon combine to stretch the Earth and its oceans even more. We see higher high tides and lower low tides. © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 6 What force aligned the Moon’s near side to constantly face Earth? The Sun’s gravity Earth’s magnetic field Earth’s tidal force The solar wind The Moon’s magnetic field Answer: c © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 6 What force aligned the Moon’s near side to constantly face Earth? The Sun’s gravity Earth’s magnetic field Earth’s tidal force The solar wind The Moon’s magnetic field Explanation: Just as the Moon creates tides on Earth with its gravitational force, the Earth affects the Moon, too. Because of Earth’s tidal force, the Moon spins once a month. © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 7 Lunar maria are found uniformly all over the Moon. mostly on the side facing Earth. mostly on the far side of the Moon. only in the dark areas, out of sunlight. in the highlands, among mountains. Answer: b © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 7 Lunar maria are found uniformly all over the Moon. mostly on the side facing Earth. mostly on the far side of the Moon. only in the dark areas, out of sunlight. in the highlands, among mountains. Explanation: Because the Moon keeps its near side always facing Earth, that side has a thinner crust and is also less cratered. © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 8 A planetary atmosphere with ozone could protect surface dwellers from ultraviolet radiation. charged particles in the solar wind. meteor impacts. optical radiation. radar waves. Answer: a © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 8 A planetary atmosphere with ozone could protect surface dwellers from ultraviolet radiation. charged particles in the solar wind. meteor impacts. optical radiation. radar waves. Ozone in the stratosphere (about 3050 km high) absorbs UV light, and heats the upper atmosphere. © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 9 Which of these is NOT a result of the Earth’s magnetic field? A compass pointing north Aurorae The Van Allen radiation belts Volcanic eruptions The comet-like tail of charged particles that extends past our Moon Answer: d © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 9 Which of these is NOT a result of the Earth’s magnetic field? A compass pointing north Aurorae The Van Allen radiation belts Volcanic eruptions The comet-like tail of charged particles that extends past our Moon Explanation: Our planet’s magnetosphere is generated by Earth’s rotation and its liquid metal core. In contrast, the Moon doesn’t have a magnetic field. © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 10 Today, which of these theories best explains the Moon’s origin? The fission theory The giant impact theory The capture theory The coformation theory The fusion theory Answer: b © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 10 Today, which of these theories best explains the Moon’s origin? The fission theory The giant impact theory The capture theory The coformation theory The fusion theory Explanation: The giant impact theory seems to explain why the Moon is similar to Earth’s mantle and why it doesn’t have a dense core. © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.