Stem Cells.

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Presentation transcript:

Stem Cells

Def:

Def: a cell that has the potential to become multiple kinds of cells

Differentiation:

Differentiation: the process through which a stem cell becomes specialized Accomplished through activation/silencing of genes (sections of DNA)

Different Kinds of Stem Cells They differ in their flexibility concerning how many kinds of cells they can become Ex. Early embryonic  any Ex. Adult some

Goal of Stem Cell Research To develop therapies for diseases that result from loss of cells, or cells that work incorrectly May lead to cures or treatments for Parkinson’s disease, spinal cord injuries, Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes…

Why is embryonic stem cell research controversial? Embryonic stem cells for research come from 2 controversial sources IVF (in vitro fertilization) extra embryos Cloning embryos (not successful for human cells yet)

iPS cells Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Differentiated cells (often fetal) that have been reverted to embryonic state 2007 UW-Madison and Japan Introduced several genes to adult cells using viruses Additional research needed to see if they behave exactly like embryonic stem cells for clinical purposes.