6 (a) ICT has had a major impact on the way products are designed and made.  Complete Table 3 below to show how ICT could be used in the design process for your chosen product. ICT application How used in the product design process   Databases Presentation packages Spreadsheets Internet ICT application How used in the product design process Databases Presentation packages Spreadsheets Internet  (b) Give two disadvantages of using ICT in the manufacture of a product. Used to check on material/fittings/fitments stock. Production of advertising materials such as posters, business cards, flyers, headed note paper. First disadvantage Only expertly trained people can operate machinery or software. Used for costing up of products, wages, production of graphs to analyse results. Second disadvantage It can cost a great deal of money to set up the system. To research existing products/ materials, sell products etc. Table 3

How used in the product design process 6 (a) Explain why the manufacturer of your chosen product might produce a mock up. A manufacture might produce a mock up so that any manufacturing problems can be ironed out before production begins, so avoiding costly mistakes. Mockups are commonly required by designers, architects, and end users. The intention is often to produce a full sized replica, using inexpensive materials in order to verify any number of things Mockups are often used to determine the proportions of the piece, relating to various dimensions of the piece itself, or to fit the piece into a specific space or room. When designing a functional piece of furniture, such as a desk or table, mockups can be used to test whether they suit typical human shapes and sizes. ICT application How used in the product design process   Databases Presentation packages Spreadsheets Internet

Mockups can also be used to test color, finish, and design details which cannot be visualized from the initial drawings and sketches. . When using mock-ups of cardboard or similar materials, the user and designer can collectively change the design using familiar tools such as pens, scissors etc. As such, mock-ups are a discussion medium and a discussion facilitator between designer and user. Mock-ups make it possible to do usability testing early in the development process. Mockups focus on content and functionality and turn attention away from details of graphic design.

How used in the product design process (b) Explain how making a mock up and making a final product can differ. You should refer to materials / ingredients / components, manufacturing methods and cost. ICT application How used in the product design process   Databases Presentation packages Spreadsheets Internet A mock up would be made as a one off using craftsmen with a limited amount of computer controlled equipment. The materials would be cheaper and manufacturing costs would be kept to a minimum. Some fixings/fitments might be left off if not desperately needed at this stage of the design. Materials could be card or manufactured board depending on what was to be tested

How used in the product design process Question 6 The table below shows six materials/ingredients/components that could be used in your chosen product. Each of the materials/ingredients/components has been given a score out of 10 for each of the following: • easy to store; • easy to use; • safe to use; • value for money; and • easy to obtain. A score of 10 = excellent A score of 1 = very poor ICT application How used in the product design process   Databases Presentation packages Spreadsheets Internet Question 6 continued Using your own judgment and the information from the table: (a) Choose one material/ingredient/component you would use in your chosen product by placing a tick √ in the box. √

How used in the product design process ICT application How used in the product design process   Databases Presentation packages Spreadsheets Internet (b) Explain why you have chosen the material/ingredient/component. A parent would put storage towards the end of their needs(3/!0) but concerns about safety and ease of use would be high on their list of expectations. With marks of 8 for ease of use and 6 for safety they give the best average of all the choices, parents tend to supervise their children when using toys/equipment, again they would be prepared to spend over the odds for a good toy (3/10) as long as they could get their product reasonably quickly (5/10)

How used in the product design process Question 6 A chart showing six stages in the life cycle of a product is given below. ICT application How used in the product design process   Databases Presentation packages Spreadsheets Internet (a) Complete the table below to show the name of each numbered stage shown on the product life cycle chart. The first one has been done for you. INTRODUCTION RISE MATURITY DECLINE OBSOLESCENCE

How ? By running hands over edges. Using a piece of wood/dowel 6mm (b) State two possible reasons for the increase in sales shown at letter A on the chart. ICT application How used in the product design process   Databases Presentation packages Spreadsheets Internet Reason 1: new features added Reason 2: Price of product dropped (c) Describe two quality checks that can be used in the production of your product. Sharp edges and finger traps. How ? By running hands over edges. Using a piece of wood/dowel 6mm To see if its fits in between any gaps Size Measuring with tape/rule And checking with dimensions on drawings provided by designer And seeing if they match up with defined tolerances

The incomplete table below shows four components of a production plan. Question 7 A manufacturer has to decide on an appropriate production plan for a product. The incomplete table below shows four components of a production plan. Complete the table to show two advantages and two disadvantages of using each component in a production plan. CONTINUOS PRODUCTION EXPENSIVE TO SET UP ICT application How used in the product design process   Databases Presentation packages Spreadsheets Internet BREAK DOWNS SPECIALISTS NEEDED EXCELLENT QUALITY CHEAP NEED TO BE TRAINED EASY TO REPLACE POOR END PRODUCT GOOD FINISHED PRODUCTS EXPENSIVE KNOWLEDGEABLE CAN SOLVE PROBLEMS DIFFICULT TO REPLACE USE OF SPECIALIST KNOWLEDGE NO CONTROL DIFFICULT TO SOLVE PROBLEMS CONTROL OF PRICES

How used in the product design process State what is meant by the term standard components. Components such as nuts/bolts/wheels hinges that are made to a standard size by manufactures Question 6 Companies often use standard components in their products. ICT application How used in the product design process   Databases Presentation packages Spreadsheets Internet (b) State why manufacturers use standard components in their products. So that they can source their parts from a range of suppliers All parts/components will fit no matter who supplied them Start Buy raw materials Are materials marked out/cut No (c) For your chosen product, draw a flow chart showing six stages of manufacture of your product. You should start with the collection of materials/ingredients and finish with the completed product. Marks will be award for the following:- • Six stages [6] • Correct use of symbols [4] Mark out/cut materials Yes Assemble product Cleanup/finish Finish

How used in the product design process Question 6 continued (d) State three materials/ingredients/components that could be used in the manufacture of your chosen product. List them in the chart below. Give two reasons why the properties of each material make it a suitable choice for your chosen product. ICT application How used in the product design process   Databases Presentation packages Spreadsheets Internet water resistant Neoprene coated Nylon UV resistance rust resistance Galvanized Steel strong material Good strength Aluminium Does not rust