A Time of Change Puberty - a period of sexual development when a person becomes sexually mature and able to reproduce This is when hormones in a young person’s body are more intense and the Reproductive system begins to change. Menopause - A period in life when a woman’s ovulation and menstruation cease

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rsj6dW6qKRc

PUBERTY

LIFE CYCLE

Pregnancy Statistics The United States has the highest rate of teen pregnancy and births 34% of young women become pregnant at least once before they reach the age of 20 8 in 10 ten of these teen pregnancies are accidents and 79% are to unmarried teens.

Hormones Women Men Estrogen Progesterone Testosterone Stimulates egg growth/maturity Men Testosterone Stimulates sperm growth Complete chart at top of page 2 in the packet – use your book page 489

REPRODUCTION Ova (egg) – female cells of reproduction Sperm – male cells of reproduction https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=65BV5dXXxzM

Reproduction: Life Cycle  STAGE WHAT HAPPENS IN EACH OF THE STAGES OF REPRODUCTION FERTILIZATION One sperm meets with one egg and cell division begins. THE ZYGOTE The united sperm and egg. CELL DIVISION  Cell division takes place after fertilization forming the embryo. THE BLASTOCYTE Structure of cells when a embryo divides and grows. IMPLANTATION  Process when the blastocyst attaches to the uterine wall.

REPRODUCTION 3. Cell division 4. Blastocyst 2. Zygote Fallopian Tube     4. Blastocyst   2. Zygote Fallopian Tube   1. Fertilization   ovary 5. Implantation   Uterus   REPRODUCTION

Development in the Uterus Wall of uterus Placenta Amniotic Fluid Amniotic Sac Cervix Umbilical Cord Vagina

Development in the uterus Placenta – attachment holding the embryo to the uterus wall Amniotic Sac – “bag of waters” in uterus, in which fetus floats Umbilical Cord – “ropelike” structure which carries nutrients and oxygen from the placenta to the embryo

Development in the Uterus Gestation – the period from conception to birth (3 TRIMESTERS – 3 MONTHS each ZYGOTE FERTILIZATION – WEEK 2 EMBRYO WEEK 3 – WEEK 8 FETUS WEEK 9 – WEEK 40 INFANT WHEN BABY IS OUT OF MOTHER

PREGNANCY WEEK 1 - 9 PREGNANCY WEEK 10-14 PREGNANCY WEEK 15-20 PREGNANCY WEEK 21-27 PREGNANCY WEEK 28-37

http://www. babycenter. com/2_inside-pregnancy-weeks-1-to-9_10302602 http://www.babycenter.com/2_inside-pregnancy-weeks-1-to-9_10302602.bc

CH I LD B R T H

Episiotomy – surgical cut made in vagina Vaginal Birth Infant born head first Cesarean Section Infant not born head first Breech Birth Infant not born head first usually leads to cesarean Episiotomy – surgical cut made in vagina Epidural – A shot given in the spinal cord to numb the mother from the waist down Vaginal: http://www.babycenter.com/2_live-birth-epidural_10314055.bc C-Section: http://www.babycenter.com/2_live-birth-c-section-surgery_3656510.bc

Complications at Birth Stillbirth – occurs when a fetus dies and is expelled from the body after the 20th week of pregnancy Premature birth – delivery of a live baby before the 37th week Low Birth weight – newborn that weights less than 5.5 pounds

Multiple Births Identical Twins – a single fertilized egg (fertilized by 1 sperm) that divides into 2 identical embryos Fraternal Twins – Sometime 2 eggs are released from the ovaries and are fertilized by 2 sperm

**SAFE AND ABANDONED BABIES ACT** Where are safe havens? In Illinois, the safe havens for newborns are: Staffed fire stations Staffed police stations Hospitals Emergency care facilities What does the law do? The law is intended to provide an alternative to the parents of newborn infants to relinquish their unharmed infants to staff in safe havens while remaining anonymous and avoiding civil or criminal liability. It is recognized that establishing a traditional adoption plan through a private or public adoption agency or choosing to parent the child is a preferable parenting plan to abandonment or relinquishment of an infant. However, the purpose of this law is to reduce the risk of harm to a newborn by a parent who may be under undue stress.

Abstinence CONTRACEPTIVES Only 100% way to protect from STI’s and unwanted pregnancy is …. Abstinence Which means you choose to not engage in sexual activity until marriage .

Birth Control Pill Norplant

Intrauterine Device (IUD) Vaginal V Spermicides

Diaphragm Cervical Cap

Fertility Awareness Method Male Condom Female Condom Fertility Awareness Method

Female Sterilization Male Sterilization

Ring Sponge Patch

Test tomorrow Can use packets Endocrine/male/female reproductive systems Life cycle Contraceptives