Gerund or to-infinitive

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gerund or infinitive Use the gerund (verb+ ing): after prepositions

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Gerund or to-infinitive 3rd form

Gerund Gerund = How to test/remember? A verb that is used as a noun (e.g. Walking an hour every day is good for you) How to test/remember? After verbs that indicate you like/dislike something (e.g. We like walking in the woods) After verbs that indicate something stops or starts (e.g. Please stop walking through the mud! After prepositions (e.g. She is very good at walking)

Verb + ing or Verb + to infinitive? 4 Categories: Verb followed by verb+ing Verb followed by to infinitive Verb followed by both without difference in meaning Verb followed by both with difference in meaning

Choose the correct form I usually avoid to do/doing the dishes. I usually avoid doing the dishes. I can’t imagine to sleep/sleeping for hours on end. I can’t imagine sleeping for hours on end. We agree to sign/signing this contract. We agree to sign this contract. They refuse to work/working for this company. They refuse to work for this company.

Verbs followed by verb –ing Verbs followed by to infinitive Admit (toegeven) Agree (eens zijn met) Plan (plannen) Avoid (vermijden) Appear (verschijnen) Pretend (doen alsof) Fancy (leuk vinden/ verbeelding) Attempt (poging) Promise (beloven) Feel like (voelen als) Decide (beslissen) Refuse (weigeren) Imagine (voorstellen) Demand (eisen) Seem (lijken) Mention (benoemen) Fail (mislukken) Want (willen) Mind (vinden) Hope (hopen) Would like (graag willen) Miss (missen) Intend (intentie hebben tot) Practise (oefenen) Learn (leren) Put off (uitstellen) Manage (beheren/iets kunnen) Suggest (voorstellen) Offer (aanbieden)

Verbs that can be followed by both It continued to rain/raining all day. I prefer to read/reading this book now. I hate to walk/walking in the snow Remember the Gerund? Verbs + to infinitive OR verb-ing without difference in meaning Continue Begin Start Hate Like Love Prefer

Verbs that can be followed by both Try to explain: Did you remember to bring your running shoes  action you have to do I remember feeling very tired at the end of the race  memory of something in the past (non-action) I regret to tell you the race has been cancelled  sorry to give you the information (action) I regret not training harder before the race  sorry I didn’t do this (non-action) I’m running every day because I’m trying to get fit.  aim is to get fit (action) If you want to get fit, why don’t you try swimming?  suggestion, swimming is a way to achieve your goal (non-action)

1. Remember Obligation/having to do something VS memory Hey, mum. Did you remember to pick up my suit from the dry-cleaner’s? I will always remember kissing you for the first time.

2. Forget Obligation/having to do something VS memory Hey, mum. Don’t forget to pick up my suit from the dry-cleaner’s? I will never forget kissing you for the first time

3. Regret Action VS Non-action I honestly regret not studying harder for my final exams. We regret to inform you that you have not been selected for the job.

4. Try Action VS Non-action (or success vs attempt) Last night I (1)tried to sleep for hours, but I simply couldn’t. I was so desperate that I even(2)tried counting sheep! ((1)attempted to sleep with no success; (2) actually counted sheep.)

5. Stop Which is healthier: (1)stop to smoke or (2)stop smoking? Source: http://keepsmilingenglish.com/2015/07/confusing-verbs-14-7-verbs-followed-by- infinitive-and-ing-forms/

Verbs that can be followed by both – WITH difference in meaning Verb + infinitive Verb + -ing Remember Did you remember to bring your running shoes? (action) I remember feeling very tried at the end of the race (memory) Forget Don’t forget to bring your tennis racket (action) I’ll never forget winning my first tennis championship (memory) Regret I regret to tell you the race has been cancelled (regret + to say/to tell/to inform) (sorry to give you this information) I regret not training harder before the race (sorry I didn’t do this) Try I’m running every day because I’m trying to get fit (aim = to get fit) If you want to get fit, why don’t you try swimming (swimming is a way to achieve goal) Stop During the race he stopped to drink some water (in order to drink some water) When he realised he couldn’t win, he stopped running (he didn’t continue)