Yippee! I’m in Statistics Part I Yippee! I’m in Statistics Chapter 1      Statistics or Sadistics ? It’s Up to You

Why Statistics? Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics follows an approach that is as follows: Unintimidating Informative Applied Even a little fun! Salkind, Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics Excel 2016 4th Edition, SAGE Inc. © 2016

A Five-Minute History First set of data pertaining to populations was collected during the 17th century Need arose to develop specific tools to help answer specific questions Basic statistical procedures were developed in the fields of agriculture, astronomy, and politics Salkind, Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics Excel 2016 4th Edition, SAGE Inc. © 2016

Statistics A set of tools and techniques used for describing, organizing, and interpreting information or data Two major branches of statistics: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics INSTRUCTOR NOTES: Statistics can be broken down into two types, including descriptive and inferential statistics. We will first go over descriptive statistics and then move onto inferential. It is important to be able to identify the differences between the two. Salkind, Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics Excel 2016 4th Edition, SAGE Inc. © 2016

Descriptive Statistics Used to organize and describe the characteristics of a particular data set This collection of data is sometimes called a data set or just data. INSTRUCTOR NOTES: The easiest way to remember descriptive statistics is that descriptive statistics are used to describe the data. You could also ask your students, What is the easiest way for you to remember what descriptive statistics are? If they come up with it on their own, they are more likely to remember the mnemonic. Salkind, Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics Excel 2016 4th Edition, SAGE Inc. © 2016

Descriptive Statistics Examples Average age of everyone in this class (i.e., mean) The most common grade on a test (i.e., mode) INSTRUCTOR NOTES: The easiest way to remember descriptive statistics is that descriptive statistics are used to describe the data. You could also ask your students, What is the easiest way for you to remember what descriptive statistics are? If they come up with it on their own, they are more likely to remember the mnemonic. Salkind, Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics Excel 2016 4th Edition, SAGE Inc. © 2016

Inferential Statistics Used to make inferences based on a smaller group of data A sample is a subset of a population. A population is all of the occurrences with a certain characteristic. INSTRUCTOR NOTES: It would be a good time to ask your students what the word inference means and how that relates back to what you do in inferential statistics. Salkind, Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics Excel 2016 4th Edition, SAGE Inc. © 2016

Inferential Statistics Examples Take 100 people with depression, and split them up into two groups randomly. With the first group, give them a sugar pill, and give the second group a new depression drug. If you find a statistically significant difference, you infer that you would find similar results in the population. Salkind, Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics Excel 2016 4th Edition, SAGE Inc. © 2016

Data Analysis Tools Appendix A has an awful lot of what you need to know about using Excel. You must have the Data Analysis tools installed in order to use the Excel procedures described in the book. Salkind, Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics Excel 2016 4th Edition, SAGE Inc. © 2016

In this class… The text will help you learn how to do the following: Collect Organize Summarize Interpret Data INSTRUCTOR NOTE: You can mention how collecting, organizing, and summarizing is often thought of as descriptive statistics, while interpreting data is often called inferential statistics. This can preface the next two sections of the chapter. Salkind, Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics Excel 2016 4th Edition, SAGE Inc. © 2016

Statistics: What It Is This is a book about basic statistics and how to apply them to a variety of different situations. Statistics describes a set of tools and techniques that are used for describing, organizing, and interpreting information or data. INSTRUCTOR NOTE: You can mention how collecting, organizing, and summarizing is often thought of as descriptive statistics, while interpreting data is often called inferential statistics. This can preface the next two sections of the chapter. Salkind, Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics Excel 2016 4th Edition, SAGE Inc. © 2016

What Am I Doing in Statistics? Better prepares you for advanced courses Sets you apart from those who don’t take it Challenges you intellectually Makes you a better student in the behavioral or social sciences!! Sets foundation for many graduate programs Helps you look at interesting problems from new perspectives Makes you look smart Salkind, Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics Excel 2016 4th Edition, SAGE Inc. © 2016

Ten Ways to Use This Book Remember, you’re not dumb. How do you know statistics is hard? Don’t skip lessons!! Form a study group. Ask questions. Do the exercises at the end of each chapter. Practice, practice, practice. Look for real-world applications. Browse. HAVE FUN!! Salkind, Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics Excel 2016 4th Edition, SAGE Inc. © 2016

Icons Used in the Book INSTRUCTOR NOTES: Review the text on page 14 to find the explanations for each of these icons so that you can describe them to your students. Salkind, Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics Excel 2016 4th Edition, SAGE Inc. © 2016

Difficulty Index VERY Hard  Hard   Not too hard, but not too easy    Easy     VERY Easy      Salkind, Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics Excel 2016 4th Edition, SAGE Inc. © 2016

Glossary There is a glossary in the back of the book that contains the bolded terms and their definitions. Remember, if they are bolded then they are important. Salkind, Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics Excel 2016 4th Edition, SAGE Inc. © 2016

Key to “How Much Excel” Icons {PUBLISHER INSERT HOW MUCH EXCEL ICONS HERE} Salkind, Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics Excel 2016 4th Edition, SAGE Inc. © 2016

Sections of Text Part I: Introduction to Statistics Part II: Descriptive Statistics Part III: Foundation for Inferential Statistics Part IV: Inferential Statistics Part V: Additional Resources INSTRUCTOR NOTES: You may want to delete this slide or modify it based on the way you have constructed the course. Sometimes it is good for students to have a roadmap for how you plan to approach the course. Salkind, Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics Excel 2016 4th Edition, SAGE Inc. © 2016