“WHY MOVE TO BIM?” Introduction to BIM and the This overview is provided for your use in presenting the buildingSMART Alliance and its purpose. Deke Smith, Executive Director January 28, 2008

buildingSMART is the approach Simple Message BIM is the tool buildingSMART is the approach Build building electronically before you build it physically Collect information once and re-use throughout the facility lifecycle Cut out non-value added effort (waste)

buildingSMART will deliver… Simple Message buildingSMART will deliver… a facility sooner a lower cost higher quality facility a facility with few or no change orders a more energy efficient facility a more sustainable facility a more environmentally friendly facility If you have to leave early remember these two pages and you will be able to tell people what you heard about tonight. If you want to see how we are going to do it then hang on tight!

Tonight – buildingSMART 101 Agenda Tonight – buildingSMART 101 National Institute for Building Sciences Why change now? Building Information Modeling buildingSMART International buildingSMART alliance / buildingSMART North America Business Process Change Summary – How to get involved Next Month What is possible today – Case studies in success

About National Institute of Building Sciences 1974 - NIBS - Public Law 93-383, Sect. 809 Bridge between Private and Public Construction Non-governmental – Unique 501c3 Organization 1992 - Facility Information Council Mission "improve the performance of facilities over their full life-cycle by fostering common and open standards and an integrated life-cycle information model for the A/E/C & FM industry." NIBS Related Products – Construction Criteria Base Whole Building Design Guide National CAD Standard National BIM Standard Some background on NIBS is important as many people don’t know about this unique organization and why it works so well for what we are trying to accomplish. Congress directed NIBS to “exercise its functions and responsibilities in four general areas, relating to building regulations……………..” 1. Develop & maintain performance criteria for maintenance of life, safety, health, and public welfare for the built environment. 2. Evaluate building technology to meet the above criteria. 3. Conduct related and needed investigations 4. Assemble, store, and disseminate technical data and related information NIBS acts as a non-threatening open forum host for capital facilities industry collaboration and a recognized consensus process Twelve groups required to be represented by the legislation: Consumer and General Interest - Consumers, users, academia, media, and public interest groups. Architects - Architects and related professionals in private practice. Engineers - Engineers and related professionals in private practice. Federal Government - Officials and representatives of federal government agencies. State and Local Government - Officials and representatives of state and local government including code officials. Building Construction - Building construction contractors, subcontractors and utilities. Labor Organizations - Building trade unions. Housing - Builders, developers and housing producers. Building Materials and Products - Producers, manufacturers and distributors of materials and products used in the building process. Codes and Standards – Codes, Standards writing or producing organizations. Real Estate, Finance, Legal and Insurance - Owners, real estate financial and insurance organizations. Research, Testing and Other Services - Research organizations, testing laboratories, and other service organizations.

✗ NIST in 2004 identified $15.8B lost to lack of interoperability Why Change Now? NIST in 2004 identified $15.8B lost to lack of interoperability $3 trillion industry with possible 30% waste 40% of global raw materials are consumed by buildings Facilities consume 40% of the energy 65.2% of total U.S. electricity consumption Facilities contribute 40% of the emissions Facilities contribute 20% of land fills U.S. is no longer the worlds largest consumer…but we did not slow down Source: CII & LCI 2004 $4.8 trillion 2008 ✗ Most of the information came from the National Academy of Sciences Federal Facility Council. The NIST study is identified The information about the US no longer being the primary consumer came from DesignIntelligence 2007 – “Mastering the Future” by James P. Cramer I am still looking for the specifics on the CII 2004 study and will provide as soon as it is available. I am quite confident that it exists however. Most of this is focused on waste in construction spending, which likely does include design, however does not include operations and sustainment so the reality is likely even much worse, if that is even imaginable. I also say that we can make it worse than it is if as we try to solve problems in our own stovepipes and simply make them into “cylinders of excellence” We must coordinate or we will in fact more waste… Here are some additional quick statistics on buildings and climate change, according to the U.S. Green Building Council: Buildings Account for 38% of CO2 emissions in the United States —more than either the transportation or industrial sectors. Over the next 25 years, CO2 emissions from buildings are projected to grow faster than any other sector, with emissions from commercial buildings projected to grow the fastest—1.8% a year through 2030. Buildings consume 70% of the electricity load in the United States. Buildings have a lifespan of 50-100 years during which they continually consume energy and produce CO2 emissions. If half of new commercial buildings were built to use 50% less energy, it would save more than 6 million metric tons of CO2 annually for the life of the buildings—the equivalent of taking more than 1 million cars off the road every year. The U.S. population and economy are projected to grow significantly over the coming decades, increasing the need for new buildings - to meet this demand, approximately 15 million new buildings are projected to be constructed by 2015. Building green is one of the best strategies for meeting the challenge of climate change because the technology to make substantial reductions in energy and CO2 emissions already exists. The average LEED® certified building uses 32% less electricity and saves 350 metric tons of CO2 emissions annually. 

What is a Building Information Model? National BIM Standard Definition of BIM A Building Information Model (BIM) is a digital representation of physical and functional characteristics of a facility.  As such it serves as a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life-cycle from inception onward. A basic premise of BIM is collaboration by different stakeholders at different phases of the life cycle of a facility to insert, extract, update or modify information in the BIM process to support and reflect the roles of that stakeholder. The BIM is a shared digital representation founded on open standards for interoperability.

What is a BIM? – Physical & Functional Characteristics View Legal Data Geospatial Data Financial Data Designer Data BIM Specifier Data Image Graphisoft Owner / Occupier Data Environmentalist Data Sustainers Data

What is a BIM? - Lifecycle Information View Simulations -Comfort -Ventilation, heating -Life cycle cost -Light, sound -Insulation -Fire, usage -Environment -Life time predictions Specifications -Specification sheets -Classification standards -Estimates, accounting Building Information Model Briefing -Functional req. -Estimates -Conditions -Requirements Knowledge databases -Best practise knowledge -Own practice Laws and regulations -Building regulations -Building specifications CAD software -Drawings, calculations -Architect, engineer,… VRML -Visualisation, 3D models Procurement -Product databases -Price databases Facility management -Letting, sale, operations -Maintenance -Guaranties Demolition, refurbishment -Rebuild -Demolition -Restoration Construction management -Scheduling -Logistics, 4D

What is BIM? – Interoperability View Structural Engineer HVAC Govt. Constr. Manager Facilities Building Owner Civil Architect Structural Engineer HVAC City Constr. Manager Facilities Building Owner Civil Architect Govt. Industry Exchange Standard ©2007 OSCRE, Americas, Inc.

What is BIM? – Business Process Change Geospatial Data Product Selection Fabrication Ordering/ Delivery Invoicing/Payment Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) Planning Design Construction Operations Sustainment Legal Data Engineering Analysis Code Compliance Checking Computer Aided Facility Management Photo courtesy of Dennis R. Shelden, Ph.D., Chief Technology Officer, Gehry Technologies. The picture is of the Disney Conference Hall, designed by Frank Gehry.

What is a BIM? – Stakeholders View Conception Stage Project Delivery Selection Stage Design Stage Construction Documents Stage Procurement Stage Execution Stage Utilization Stage Closure Stage Facility Managers Maintenance & Sustainment Safety & Occupational Health Plant Operator Renovation & Restoration Space Manager Security Manager Network Manager CIO Risk Manager Insurer Occupant Support & Way finding First Responders Owner Planner - Scoping, Simulation Environmentalist Realtor Appraiser Mortgage Banker Designers Engineers - Energy Analysis, LEED Conflict Analyst Cost & Quantity Estimators Specifiers Contract Specialist & Lawyers Disposal Recycling Archivist Construction Contractors Sub-Contractors Fabricators Suppliers & Manufacturers Code Officials Graphisoft 2yr 100+ Years 1Yr

Effort Time Traditional Design Ability Changes to Design control cost of Design Changes Cost Ability to cost control Effort CD Design DD Construction Prog Traditional design work begins with a small team. The greatest effort is required to develop construction documents. However, the ability to keep the project within budget reduces from the beginning of design. This means the design may have budget or other problems during construction. Solving these problems during construction always costs more. In the USA, construction is often followed by litigation, or legal action. Of course, this is the most expensive way to solve design problems! Litigation Phase Time Courtesy of Patrick MacLeamy, HOK 13

Effort Time Design Ability Changes to Design control cost of Cost CD DD Construction Prog Litigation Phase Traditional design work begins with a small team. The greatest effort is required to develop construction documents. However, the ability to keep the project within budget reduces from the beginning of design. This means the design may have budget or other problems during construction. Solving these problems during construction always costs more. In the USA, construction is often followed by litigation, or legal action. Of course, this is the most expensive way to solve design problems! Time Courtesy of Patrick MacLeamy, HOK 14

Effort Time Design Ability Changes to Design control cost of Cost CD DD Construction Prog Traditional design work begins with a small team. The greatest effort is required to develop construction documents. However, the ability to keep the project within budget reduces from the beginning of design. This means the design may have budget or other problems during construction. Solving these problems during construction always costs more. In the USA, construction is often followed by litigation, or legal action. Of course, this is the most expensive way to solve design problems! Litigation Phase Time Courtesy of Patrick MacLeamy, HOK 15

What is a BIM? - Business Model Dollars Expended on Facility Conception Stage Project Delivery Selection Stage Design Stage Construction Documents Stage Procurement Stage Execution Stage Utilization Stage Closure Stage Optimized approach with virtual modeling and analysis with reduced change orders & delivery time and lower operating and sustainment costs Typical approach failing to do routine maintenance and having to replace items earlier and more often The savings we are currently experiencing with faster delivery and fewer change orders Typical design/build approach with required maintenance This model is not to scale, however gives a life-cycle oriented view of the outcome of implementing BIM than I have seen This is most effective viewed as a slide show using the builds – The gold curve represents the typical process we should now encounter – costs ramp up during planning and development and construction and then drop off during operations and sustainment slowly increasing as the facility ages The red curve represents what happen currently more often as maintenance and sustainment costs are deferred thus causing replacement costs to mount later in the life of the facility The blue cure represents the implementation of BIM and virtually building a facility and analyzing its performance prior to construction. Costs ramp up faster but construction, operations and sustainment costs are lower because energy usage is optimized and more sustainable materials are used. The first green savings identified are those savings that come from faster and lower cost delivery created by reducing the number of change orders and RFI’s. These are the savings we are currently seeing from the implementation of BIM in design and construction. However the significant savings are going to come when we start holding onto and sharing information gathered during various phases of the facilities life-cycle and not re-gathering information for each facility related activity. We have challenged the academic community and others to help validate and make this curve more accurate. If you are interested in helping with this task please contact me The yet untapped $avings 2yr 100+ Years 1Yr Courtesy of DKS Information Consulting, LLC

AIA Integrated Practice Courtesy of AIA and California Chapter AIA

A more valuable product for your clients Higher quality facilities BIM - What is in it for me? A more valuable product for your clients Higher quality facilities Lower energy usage Shorter delivery time Lower lifecycle costs Ability to offer more services Fewer change orders and RFI’s Better environmental stewardship Supports a more sustainable product A documented record of facilities and infrastructures prior to, during and after construction.

A Visual Reason For BIM 3D 2D Visualization Reality Daniel Libeskind’s Denver Art Museum 3D 2D Visualization with Conflict Analysis Reality Slide courtesy of C. Eastman

Far More Than Visualization Ceiling Integration – Disney Concert Hall Frank Gehry Photo courtesy of Dennis R. Shelden, Ph.D., Chief Technology Officer, Gehry Technologies. The picture is of the Disney Conference Hall, designed by Frank Gehry.

buildingSMART International Interested Countries Russia India Brazil Courtesy of Patrick MacLeamy, HOK

buildingSMART International Core Technologies Information Request & Delivery of BIM Data Requestor Provider North American Data Standards Used in the exchange of Information between team members OmniClass™, IFDLibrary™, IFC Information Delivery Manual (IDM) Structural Engineer HVAC City Constr. Manager Facilities Building Owner Civil Architect Govt. Industry Exchange Standard Building_part Door 2 Window_frame 4 Window 6 Glass 7 frame glass S[1:?] Room 8 Room_connection 9 windows S[0:?] door relating related Room_id 3 identification Scale sensitive plan symbols Parametric 3D information Sectional information Manufacturers Specifications, Finish, Price Parametric Elevation information Industry Foundation Class (ifc)

buildingSMART International Core Technologies Designer View Owner / Occupier Environmentalist Specifier Financial Legal Sustainers Geospatial BIM Graphisoft Image Model View Definition (MVD) Properties BARBi - Norway LexiCon - Nederland NBS - England SDC - France One concept carries the same unique identification in every language 78AF4E98C8D4406B873DBB85E1FE7DB In a briefing document In product catalogues In classification systems In building specifications In a calculation system In a Facility management system For demolition and reconstruction In a CAD system NBIMS – North America International Framework Dictionary (IFD)

buildingSMART International Core Technologies Exchange requirements defined Exchange Requirements Definition (ERD) Courtesy European Structural Group and A Crawley

buildingSMART International Plan Design Build Sustain MVD MVD MVD MVD Owner Planner Architect Engineer General Sub Operator Maintenance Planner County Engineer Analysis Sub Fabricator Operator Occupant IDM IDM IDM IDM IFC IFD Based IFC IFC Based Building Information Model Containing: Geometry, Tabular, Calculations and other information Photo of Disney Concert Hall courtesy Dennis Shelden, Gehry Technologies

buildingSMART alliance Bringing together a total package to support BIM implementation in North America by leveraging international effort Technology Standards Education and Training Benefits and Return on Investment Business Process Re-engineering Coordinating Users, Organizations and Associations More…Total of 10 Program Areas

buildingSMART alliance: Vision and Mission A global environment where all participants can readily and transparently share, apply and maintain information about facilities and infrastructure Mission Improve all aspects of the facility and infrastructure lifecycle by promoting collaboration, technology, integrated practices and open standards

buildingSMART alliance: Goals Provide visibility to ongoing efforts Identify interfaces Identify gaps and overlaps Support ongoing projects Coordinate a fragmented industry to profoundly reduce waste (Materials and Time) Demonstrate the power of an industry alliance all moving toward a common vision To reduce United States construction industry waste by $200B a year by 2020

Information Dissemination Press, Conferences, Webinars and other methods

BIM Storm

Tipping Point Prediction Time is of the essence Evolution Revolution Disruption

Participate in projects defining the future Why Join the Alliance? Participate in projects defining the future Leverage your implementation cost Reduce risk and time in implementation Learn from others successes and failures Obtain the latest practice information Attain a greater understanding of BIM Understand what is possible and what is not Don’t re-invent the wheel Identify others using BIM Lead don’t follow © M.A. Mortenson Company

How to join the Alliance? Visit www.buildingsmartalliance.org Apply on-line or contact: Deke Smith – dsmith@nibs.org (202) 289-7800 or Peter Smeallie - smeallie@verizon.net Here it is – how to get involved. Membership Level Associate: NIBS MOU Holder, Councils, Committees (Please contact NIBS directly)  Member: Student $25.00 Individual $100.00 State & Local Government $1,000.00 Federal Government $5,000.00 Gross Annual Income Based $1,000.00 (<$10M) $2,000.00 (<$50M) $3,000.00 (<$100M) $4,000.00 (<$250M) $5,000.00 (>$ 250M)  Sponsor: Alliance Sponsor $10,000.00 Bronze Sponsor $25,000.00 Silver Sponsor $50,000.00 Gold Sponsor $100,000.00 Platinum Sponsor $250,000.00 and above

Questions? Deke Smith dsmith@nibs.org (202) 289-7800

Thank You Deke Smith dsmith@nibs.org (202) 289-7800