PHOENIX HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE HERITAGE ARCHITECTURE & PLANNING PHOENIX HISTORIC PRESERVATION DESIGN GUIDELINES UPDATE STAKEHOLDERS’ WORKSHOP PHOENIX HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE HERITAGE ARCHITECTURE & PLANNING

--- New York Times Editorial, Oct. 30. 1963 “We will probably be judged not by the monuments we build, but by those we have destroyed.” --- New York Times Editorial, Oct. 30. 1963

PROJECT OBJECTIVE To consolidate and update the previous Design Guidelines documents into a single user-friendly document and provide specific guidelines for each residential district.

WORKSHOP OBJECTIVES Share information through presentation and break-out sessions. Provide overview of Design Guidelines update process. Review historic preservation standards. Discuss historic preservation issues that are relevant to Phoenix. Identify opportunities and challenges for the district-specific Design Guidelines.

HISTORIC PRESERVATION IN PHOENIX OVERVIEW 35 Residential historic districts 10 Non-residential historic districts 181 Individually-listed historic properties on the local register 171 Individually-listed properties on the National Register of Historic Places

HISTORIC PRESERVATION IN PHOENIX Commercial historic building types range from… Skyscrapers Warehouses Retail Storefronts

HISTORIC PRESERVATION IN PHOENIX Residential historic building types range from… Bungalows Cottage Apartments Rural Estates Apartment Buildings

HISTORIC PRESERVATION IN PHOENIX Residential house styles range from… Early Vernacular (Adobe) Victorian Period-Revival Suburban Ranch

WHAT IS ‘HISTORIC’? DESIGNATION CRITERIA Architectural merits. Association with a noteworthy architect, builder, or developer. Association with a famous person or event. Influential to community development or history. Contributes to a historic district.

DEFINING ‘HISTORIC INTEGRITY’ The unimpaired ability of a property to convey its historical significance. There are seven aspects of integrity according to the National Park Service: Location Design Setting Materials Workmanship Feeling Association

HISTORIC DISTRICTS Contributor Adds to the historic architectural qualities or associations. Built during the period of significance. Possesses historic integrity. Non-contributor Doesn’t add to the historic architectural qualities or associations. Not built during the period of significance. Due to alterations, disturbances, additions, or other changes, it no longer possesses historic integrity.

CHARACTER-DEFINING FEATURES Distinctive architectural features or qualities that are essential to the perception or understanding of a building; a character-defining element is a feature that contributes to the special quality of a building or a site, without which the uniqueness is lost. Example: Tudor Revival Steeply-sloped roof w/ multiple gables Tall stepped chimney Wood casement windows Wood louvers at gable faces Lack of porch

CHARACTER-DEFINING FEATURES OF HISTORIC DISTRICTS Example: Idylwilde Park Park at center of neighborhood. Narrow deep lots. Uniform building setbacks. Predominantly one-story. Predominant exterior wall materials are brick (painted and exposed), stucco and wood siding. Wood double-hung and casement windows on early houses, steel windows on later houses. Porte-cocheres, carports and similar-style detached garages. Mature traditional landscaping composed of shrubs, turf, and trees.

INCENTIVES & BENEFITS FOR PRESERVING HISTORIC BUILDINGS Historic buildings help define the character of the community by providing a tangible link to the past. Increase neighborhood stability (through the design review process). Likely increase in property values. Ensures key landmarks are appropriately preserved for future generations.

INCENTIVES & BENEFITS FOR PRESERVING HISTORIC BUILDINGS City Programs Low Income Historic Housing Rehabilitation Program (70-30 match) Exterior Rehabilitation Assistance for Historic Homes (50-50 match) Demonstrate Grants (commercial projects) Warehouse & Threatened Building Fund

INCENTIVES & BENEFITS FOR PRESERVING HISTORIC BUILDINGS State Programs Arizona Heritage Fund Preservation Grants State Property Tax Reclassification Residential (owner-occupied) Commercial Federal Programs 20% Federal Rehabilitation Tax Credit (For buildings on the National Register) 10% Federal Rehabilitation Tax Credit (For non-historic buildings constructed prior to 1936)

SUCCESSFUL HISTORIC PRESERVATION PROJECTS IN PHOENIX Exterior Rehab Grant Project Demonstration Project Warehouse District & Threatened Historic Building Grant

MISCONCEPTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH HISTORIC DESIGNATION Tours? No public access requirement. Must restore the property? Not required. Personal info? Not distributed or published. Alterations and additions? Permitted with design review. Interior alterations? Not subject to review. Landscape alterations? Structural features that can be seen from the public right-of-way are subject to review. Repainting? Not reviewed if painting previously painted surfaces.

MODIFYING HISTORIC PROPERTIES Retain and maintain character-defining features per The Secretary of the Interior’s Standards. Avoid relocation, substantial alteration, or demolition. Consult the City of Phoenix Historic Preservation Design Guidelines and other HPO documents. Contact HPO to start the Certificate of Appropriateness review process. To obtain or maintain the tax reclassification, submit plans to SHPO. Exterior alterations (incl. site work) will be reviewed for compatibility with The Standards and the Design Guidelines.

PURPOSE OF DESIGN GUIDELINES Guide property owners in making early decisions regarding appropriate treatments. Maintain the historic character of a property or neighborhood while allowing modifications for contemporary needs. Apply The Standards to the specific context of Phoenix so individual properties and historic districts can maintain designation status and tax reclassification eligibility. Provide for clear, consistent guidance through the process as defined by the HP Ordinance and supplementary HPO documents.

THE STANDARDS Retain & maintain the property per The Secretary of the Interior’s Rehabilitation Standards (The Standards). 1. A property will be used as it was historically or be given a new use that requires minimal change to its distinctive materials, features and spatial relationships. 2. The historic character of the property will be retained and preserved. The removal of distinctive materials or alteration of features, spaces, and spatial relationships that characterize the property will be avoided. 3. Each property will be recognized as a physical record of its time, place and use. Changes that create a false sense of historical development, such as adding conjectural features or elements from other historic properties will not be undertaken. 4. Changes to a property that have acquired historic significance in their own right will be retained and preserved. 5. Distinctive materials, features, finishes and construction techniques or examples of craftsmanship that characterize the property will be preserved.

6. Deteriorating historic features will be repaired rather than replaced. Where the severity of deterioration requires replacement of a distinctive feature, the new feature will match the old design, color, texture, and, where possible, materials. Replacement of missing features will be substantiated by documentary and physical evidence. 7. Chemical and physical treatments, if appropriate, will be undertaken using the gentlest means possible. Treatments that cause damage to historic materials will not be used. 8. Archaeological resources will be protected and preserved in place. If such resources must be disturbed, mitigation measures will be undertaken. 9. New additions, exterior alterations, or related new construction will not destroy historic materials, features, and spatial relationships that characterize the property. The new work shall be differentiated from the old and will be compatible with the historic materials, features, scale and proportion, and massing to protect the integrity of the property and its environment. 10. New additions and adjacent or related new construction will be undertaken in such a manner that if removed in the future, the essential form and integrity of the historic property and its environment would be unimpaired.

EXAMPLES OF INAPPROPRIATE REMODELS TO HISTORIC BUILDINGS

EXAMPLES OF INAPPROPRIATE REMODELS TO HISTORIC BUILDINGS

EXAMPLE OF AN INAPPROPRIATE CARPORT ADDITION

EXAMPLES OF AN INAPPROPRIATE ADDITION?

EXAMPLES OF AN INAPPROPRIATE ADDITION

PRESERVING HISTORIC MATERIALS Windows: Repair vs. Replacement

PRESERVING HISTORIC MATERIALS Restoring Historic Wood Windows

PRESERVING HISTORIC MATERIALS Painted Brick Surfaces

PRESERVING HISTORIC MATERIALS Beware of New Stucco Coatings

PRESERVING HISTORIC MATERIALS Failing New Stucco Delaminating Stucco

CONTEMPORARY ISSUES Energy Efficiency (window replacement, solar panels) Water Conservation (landscape irrigation) Increasing Neighborhood Density Infill Buildings in Historic Neighborhoods Adding Square Footage Adding Carports or Garages Converting Garages or Carports into Habitable Space Kitchen & Bathroom Upgrades

- Dwight L. Young National Trust for Historic Preservation “A community can fall victim to amnesia,… forget where it came from, fail to recognize itself in the mirror, lose touch with what it set out to be. To state it more simply: when we lose our landmarks, we lose our way.” - Dwight L. Young National Trust for Historic Preservation

BREAK-OUT SESSION GOALS Discuss challenges and opportunities for the update. Produce a list of preservation priorities for the Design Guidelines. GROUND RULES Stay on topic – historic preservation in Phoenix. Let everyone in group have an opportunity to speak. Table moderator will assemble list of priorities / issues / concerns.

DISCUSSION POINTS Please address the following questions: What are the major design challenges or issues facing historic properties that the design guidelines should address? What are the most important architectural features in your district that should be included in the district-specific guidelines? What information would be most helpful to include in the design guidelines for your specific district or property?