Food Safety & Sanitation Yujin Cho & Emily Bitter Nutrition & Dietetics Students Spring 2017 N&D 498
Summary Topics Temperature danger zone Required internal temperatures of foods BIG 6 pathogens causing foodborne illness Tips to prevent against cross-contamination Storage guidelines to prevent bacterial growth Review Quiz
Temperature Danger Zone Pathogens grow between 41˚F -135˚F Rapid bacterial growth occurs between 70˚F & 125˚F
Cooking Temperatures Food Item Internal Temperature & rest time Fruits, veggies, legumes, & grains served hot 135˚F Roasts: pork, beef, veal or lamb 145˚F rest for 3 minutes Steaks/chops:pork, beef, veal or lamb Seafood 145˚F Ground meat & mixtures: Beef, pork, veal, & lamb 160˚F Poultry: whole or ground chicken, turkey, or duck 165˚F
The BIG 6 Pathogens Pathogen Prevention Shigella spp. Personal hygiene Salmonella Typhi Cross-contamination Nontyphoidal salmonella E. coli Controlling time & temp Hepatitis A (virus) Norovirus (virus)
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Tips to Prevent Cross-contamination Wash hands before cooking & touching other ingredients Possibly wear gloves if washing hands is an issue Use separate cutting boards & knives when handling raw meat & fresh foods at the same time Use hot soapy water to clean cutting boards & knives Be sure to keep surfaces clean during prepping & cooking food
Storage Guidelines to Prevent Bacterial Growth Label & date food Be aware of refrigerator temperature Ready to eat foods can be stored in fridge for 7 days at 41˚F or lower Cover food to retain moisture & prevent picking up odors from other foods Raw meat, poultry, seafood should be in a container or wrapped to prevent raw juices from contaminating other foods Large amounts of soup & meat should be divided into small portions Do not refreeze foods after frozen
Proper Storage of Meats in Fridge
Quick Quiz #1: What is the range of the temperature danger zone? Answer: 41˚F-135˚F
Quiz #2: What is the proper internal temperature poultry must be cooked to in order to kill pathogens? Answer: 165˚F
Quiz #3: Which pathogen may grow due to time & temperature abuse? E. Coli Hepatitis A Norovirus Shigella spp. Answer: E. coli
Quiz #4: In the fridge, which foods are placed on the top shelf? Raw seafood Ready to eat foods Poultry Answer: Ready to eat foods