U.S. History Mr. Weber Ron 217

Activator 1. For what reasons do people celebrate Columbus day? 2. Does it matter what we choose to honor with a national holiday? Why or why not? 3. Should the government regulate big business? Why or why not and explain…

Agenda Activator, agenda, and objective (10 minutes) Columbus day Socratic seminar (15-30 minutes) The people speak (15 minutes) Industrialization and big business notes (20 minutes) Industrialization study guide (30 minutes) U.S. Rise to a world power presentation (30 minutes)

Objective 11.2.5 Students discuss corporate mergers that produced trusts and cartels and the economic and political policies of industrial leaders. 11.2.9 Students understand the response of the Progressives.

October 12: Columbus day or Indigenous Peoples day? Why does the U.S. honor Christopher Columbus day? What is the function of a national holiday? Why does it matter which voices are listened to and which stories are heard when learning about the past? The national culture seems always to celebrate triumph, but how can we properly come to terms with and commemorate the more depressing aspects of history as a nation?

Outside Circle Questions 1. Who speaks more boys or girls? 2. Who uses the best examples from the case studies? 3. How many times does each person speak? 4. Who keeps the discussion going and how do they do it? 5. What is the most memorable comment or quote? 6. Who relates it back to the focus question? 7. What is going on with people’s body language? 8. Does anyone seem reluctant to participate? Why? 9. Who uses someone else’s name when making a comment? 10. How do people disagree? Politely? 11. Who is the MVP?

Columbus Day Protests

The People Speak

Trusts and Cartels TRUST: A group of companies run by a board of trustees set up by a business leader so they can control market and get rid of competition. Mainly formed to eliminate business competition. Example: John Rockefeller buying up all the small oil refineries until he owned over 90% of the oil refineries in the U.S. but running them under a board of trustees. CARTELS: A group of independently owned business that agree to set prices at a certain level.

Progressives Goals: 1. Government should listen to citizens more. 2. Government should restrict wealthy from having too much power. 3. Government should be more involved in improving people’s lives (workers rights, welfare, care for elderly). 4. Government should be less corrupt and more efficient in order to take on this expanded role.

Progressives Regulations: 1. Meat packing – (Sinclair’s Jungle) – sanitary conditions – food inspections. 2. City government reform – attacking the bosses. 3. Running utilities and providing welfare services like parks, pools, etc. 4. TR’s Square Deal – threatened to take over coal industry. Antitrust activism – prevented companies from buying up the stock of smaller companies to create a monopoly. 5. Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act. 6. Department of Labor – Children’s Bureau and Women’s Bureau. 7. 16th amendment: allows federal government to collect taxes.

Questions 1. The early efforts of the American Federation of Labor focused on 2. The main benefit gained by unions during the late Nineteenth Century was 3. During the late 1800s, the reason labor unions had difficulty achieving their goals was that 4. What was needed as a result of rapid urbanization? 5. Immigrants arriving between 1880 and 1900 settled in cities along the eastern coast because…

Should Government have Stricter Regulation and Tax the Rich More?

U.S. Rise to World Power What do you think of U.S. intervention in Iraq? What does it mean to be a “World Power?” How is foreign policy connected to economics? How involved do you think the U.S. should be in other countries? Explain. Very. Somewhat. Not at all.

Objective All students will: Understand the reasons why the U.S. became an imperial power at the turn of the 20th Century. 11.4.1 – Students list the purpose, cause, and effects of the Open Door Policy. 11.4.2 – Students describe the Spanish American War and the U.S. expansion in the South Pacific. 11.4.3 – Students discuss America’s role in the Panama Revolution and the building of the Panama Canal.

Introductions 1. We are ending Unit 2 which covered the growth of cities and industrialization after the Civil War (1870-1910). 2. We are beginning Unit 3 in which we will understand and critique “The United States’ rise to power in the 20th century.” This unit is about foreign policy, the U.S. involvement in Cuba, Panama, Hawaii, and the Philippians, the Big Stick diplomacy of Theodore Roosevelt, and U.S. leadership in the world. 3. You will be making a children’s book. This is your chance to rewrite history placing emphasis on the things you would want your younger sibling or your own child to learn.

Why did the U.S. Get Involved Over Seas? Economic growth (1870-1900): due to industrialization, rise of factories, transportation revolution, technology, and growth of cities. Also created need for Imperialism by European powers: created competition over markets and trade. Advanced military technology: created a strong army and navy. Nationalism: provided an ideological justification. Religion: missionaries trying to save souls by converting them were on the front lines of the imperial project.

What is Imperialism Again? Under imperialism, stronger nations attempt to create empires by dominating weaker nations – economically, politically, culturally, or militarily. Usually the imperialist country will create “colonies” which are areas under their control that pay them taxes. Colonialism is a form of imperialism.

Arguments for U.S. Expansion Wanted control of Pacific Ocean. Increased trade with Asia made it strategically important. Promoting economic growth. The need to “secure” new markets abroad. Protecting American security. Navy – USS Maine. Preserving the “American spirit.” The argument was that U.S. was an adventurous and expanding peoples.

U.S. Foreign Investment 1869 to 1908 Business Interests U.S. Foreign Investment 1869 to 1908

Strategic Military Interests: Alfred T Strategic Military Interests: Alfred T. Mahan: The Influence of Sea Power on History

Social Darwinism: Hierarchy of races and duty to “civilize”

Religion: American Missionaries in China

Hawaii

Spanish-American War 1898: “Remember the Maine and to Hell with Spain” U.S. went to War against Spain in Cuba. This was the first step onto the world stage in terms of the imperial/military project. War started when the USS Maine exploded in the Havana Harbor.

The Treaty of Paris 1898 Cuba was freed from Spanish rule. Spain gave up Puerto Rico and the Island of Guam. The U.S. paid Spain $20 million for the Philippines. The U.S. becomes an imperial power.

Philippines William H. Taft becomes first Governor Emilio Aguinaldo

Panama

China: Open Door Policy Sectary John Hay. Gave all nations equal access to trade with China. Guaranteed that China would not be taken over by any one power.

Mexico: Invasion of Veracruz and Economic Imperialism

U.S. Global Investments and Investments in Latin America

U.S. Interventions in Latin America 1898-1920

Theodore Roosevelt: Speak Softly but Carry a Big Stick Big Stick Diplomacy (below). Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine establishing U.S. intervention and international police power (right).

Moral Diplomacy The U.S. should be the conscience of the world. Spread democracy. Promote peace.

Imperialist Montage

Recap The Causes of Imperialism Main Idea: The United States became one of many nations interested in expanding control around the world in order to increase their wealth. America’s First Steps Toward World Power Main Idea: America developed trade with the previously closed-off Japan, purchased Alaska, and established trade, highways, and other investments in Latin America.

Chapter 17: Becoming a World Power 1890-1915 Pick a partner that is someone you do not sit next to and have not worked with in this class. Pick one of the sections below and write it in your notebook: 1. Pressures to Expand pp.582-588. 2. Spanish American War pp.589-596. 3. New Foreign Policy pp.598-603. 4. Debating America’s New Role pp.604-611.

Key Terms Imperialism Nationalism Economic Interests Spanish American War USS Maine Theodore Roosevelt Treaty of Paris Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico, Hawaii, Samoa (Pacific) Open Door Policy Panama Canal Big Stick Diplomacy Dollar Diplomacy Moral Diplomacy Anti-Imperialists

Pair Work (30-45 minutes) Read your section and write down the important points. Be prepared to teach your section as everyone needs all 4 sections for their children’s books. Write down questions that are unanswered. Write down places where you suspect the textbook may not be giving you the full story or where you would maybe say it a different way. 1. pp.582-588; 2. pp.589-596; 3. pp.598-603; 4. pp.604-611.