America’s Involvement in Vietnam

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Presentation transcript:

America’s Involvement in Vietnam Going to War in Vietnam America’s Involvement in Vietnam

Roots of Conflict France had control over Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia –Known then as Indochina Nguyen That Thanh –Took the name: Ho Chi Minh He was a Vietnamese Communist nationalist who fought against the Japanese occupation during WWII America sent aid to the Vietminh When the Japanese surrendered, Ho Chi Minh declared Vietnam’s independence

What is America to do? The French were not okay with Vietnam trying to declare independence The French tried to fight back the Vietminh but they slowly gained control more and more of the country. France begged for help from the U.S. The U.S. was opposed to colonialism but it hated Communism even more and didn’t want Vietnam to fall to the Reds The fall of China and Korea helped convince the U.S. to get involved Truman sent aid and Eisenhower followed suit “Domino Theory” –The idea that if Vietnam fell to communism, all other Asian countries would

A Changing of Power After a crushing defeat in the town of Dien Bien Phu, the French decided to make peace and retreat from Indochina Negotiations were held in Geneva to make peace between France and Vietnam Split Vietnam along the 17th parallel –North Vietnam was controlled by Ho Chi Minh and South Vietnam was controlled by a pro-Western anti-Communist government headed by Ngo Dinh Diem The U.S. became the “protector” of South Vietnam There was supposed to be an election held in 1956 to reunite the county but Diem was afraid that Ho Chi Minh would win so he wouldn’t let the elections take place Eisenhower was totally cool with this and gave more American aid to South Vietnam

American involvement Deepens When Ngo Dinh Diem refused to hold elections, Ho Chi Minh organized South Vietnamese Communists who became known as the Vietcong They formed a new guerrilla army that fought to reunify Vietnam Eisenhower sent hundreds of military advisors to train South Vietnam’s army By 1961 the Vietcong were popular and extremely powerful and had gained much of the country side

Kennedy takes over Kennedy continued support to South Vietnam From 1961 to 1963, U.S. military personnel in South Vietnam went from 2,000 to 15,000 Still many problems and many South Vietnamese didn’t like Diem.

Diem Ultimately Loses Power Diem was very discriminatory towards Buddhism –One of Vietnam’s most widely practiced religions In 1963 he banned traditional religious flags for the Buddha’s birthday Buddhists protested in the streets and Diems police killed nine people In response a Buddhist monk poured gasoline on his robes and set himself on fire This horrified Americans who saw it on television news reports

Diem is Overthrown U.S. ambassador Henry Cabot Lodge traveled to Vietnam and learned that several Vietnamese generals were planning to overthrow Diem Lodge told them the U.S. sympathized with their cause The generals launched a military coup and took power, executing Diem The South Vietnamese government was still weakened by this coup.