Lesson 6 – Canadian Biomes

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Presentation transcript:

Lesson 6 – Canadian Biomes

Biomes Biomes – large geographical regions that have a similar climate and a specific set of biotic and abiotic features Similar ecosystems fit into the same biome Earth has many biomes with recognizable ecosystems – desert, coral reef, tundra, tropical rainforest, etc. Canada has five major terrestrial biomes

Tundra Biome Cold, barren biome in northernmost part of Canada Low temperatures for most of the year Short growing season Permafrost layer beneath soil Precipitation from 0 to 25 cm/year Poor soil quality Low diversity Abiotic Biotic Low temperatures for most of the year Low diversity Short growing season Rapid-flowering plants Permafrost layer beneath soil Mosses and lichens Precipitation from 0 to 25 cm/year Caribou Poor soil quality Ptarmigan Lemmings Arctic foxes

Tundra Plants Rapid-flowering plants

Tundra Plants Lichen

Tundra Plants Mosses

Tundra Animals Caribou

Tundra Animals Ptarmigan

Tundra Animals Lemmings

Tundra Animals Arctic fox

Tundra Animals Snowy Owl

Boreal Forest Biome Largest biome in Canada Warmer than tundra No permafrost Changeable weather Precipitation 40 cm/year or more Soil contains some water and is acidic

Boreal Forest Plants Coniferous Trees – Spruce, Pine, Fir

Boreal Forest Animals Seed-Eating Birds

Boreal Forest Animals Squirrels

Boreal Forest Animals Voles

Boreal Forest Animals Snowshoe Hares

Boreal Forest Animals Black Bears

Boreal Forest Animals Pine Martens

Boreal Forest Animals Grey Wolves

Mountain Forest Biome Located on west coast of Canada Temperatures vary with elevation Cool summers Windy conditions Heavy precipitation on windward side of mountains Fast-flowing rivers

Mountain Forest Plants Large coniferous trees Ferns

Mountain Forest Animals Squirrels Marmots

Mountain Forest Animals Elk

Mountain Forest Animals Black Bears Grizzly Bears

Mountain Forest Animals Cougars

Grassland Biome Dry, hot summers lead to fires, which help maintain grassland by slowing tree growth Longer growing season than boreal forest Higher temperatures than tundra or boreal forest Precipitation from 25 to 75 cm/year Rich, fertile soil

Grassland Plants Fescue Grasses

Grassland Plants Wheat

Grassland Animals Voles and mice Grasshoppers

Grassland Animals Bison

Grassland Animals Snakes

Grassland Animals Hawks

Grassland Animals Coyotes

Temperate Deciduous Forest Biome Great variety of deciduous trees and animals Longer growing season than boreal forest Higher temperatures than tundra or boreal forest Precipitation up to 100 cm/year Fertile soil

Temperate Deciduous Plants Deciduous Trees

Temperate Deciduous Plants Flowering Plants

Temperate Deciduous Animals Squirrels Shrews and Mice Black Bears Many Insects Deer

Temperate Deciduous Animals Hummingbirds

Temperate Deciduous Animals Weasels

Canada’s Biomes Mountain Forest Tundra Boreal Forest Grassland Temperate Deciduous Forest