Realism in American Literature 1860-1890
"Realism" is frequently used to describe scenes of humble life. The term realist, used to describe a work of art, has often simply meant that "ugly" objects or figures are represented, as opposed to those considered "beautiful". Not so pretty. "Realism" is frequently used to describe scenes of humble life. Humble life. L'Origine du monde
James Abbott McNeill Whistler As the name implies, Realism is a style of painting that depicts the subject matter as it appears in reality, without distortion or stylization. One of the most famous paintings of the realistic period. Whistler’s Mother
Women working in the field represented the common place experience. Steamboat crossing the Big Sandy River. 1880Steamboat crossing the Big Sandy River. 1880 Women working in the field represented the common place experience.
The purpose of Realism writing is to instruct and to entertain. Characteristics Of Realistic Writing The subject matter of Realism is drawn from "our experience," - it treated the common, the average, the non-extreme, the representative, the probable. Subject Matter The Breakfast Table, 1884
Realism writers describe reality closely and in comprehensive detail. Writers tried to be exactly like “real life.” Character is more important than action and plot; complex ethical choices are often the subject. Characters appear in their real and complex situations. For the first time in literary history, writers reveal the lives of ordinary or lower class people.
Authors write realistically about war.
John Singer Sargent The Oyster Gatherers, 1878
Onion Seller, 1882
Dialogue is written in ordinary speech, not heightened or poetic. Dialogue Tone may be comic, satiric, or matter-of-fact. Tone There is the belief among the Realists that humans control their destinies; characters act on their environment rather than simply reacting to it. Human Control
Richard Cory BY EDWIN ARLINGTON ROBINSON Whenever Richard Cory went down town, We people on the pavement looked at him: He was a gentleman from sole to crown, Clean favored, and imperially slim. And he was always quietly arrayed, And he was always human when he talked; But still he fluttered pulses when he said, "Good-morning," and he glittered when he walked. And he was rich—yes, richer than a king— And admirably schooled in every grace: In fine, we thought that he was everything To make us wish that we were in his place. So on we worked, and waited for the light, And went without the meat, and cursed the bread; And Richard Cory, one calm summer night, Went home and put a bullet through his head.