S6E5 Minerals, Rocks & Earth’s Layers Unit 1 Review S6E5 Minerals, Rocks & Earth’s Layers

1. Choose the answer that provides the best definition of a Mineral. A. Man made, organic, with a physical composition, and crystals inside B. Naturally occurring, inorganic solid, with a crystal structure, and a definite chemical composition Naturally occurring, organic solid, with a variable composition, and a crystalline structure 1. Choose the answer that provides the best definition of a Mineral.

2. Which of the is considered the “building blocks” of rock? A. Fossils B. Sand C. Minerals D. Water 2. Which of the is considered the “building blocks” of rock?

A. Organic B. Inorganic C. Clastic Chemical 3. Plants, animals, and people are living things. What is a synonym for materials that were once part of one of these living things?

A. Density & Luster B. Hardness & Streak C. Inorganic & Organic D. Cleavage & Fracture 4. Quartz & Mica are minerals that break differently. Quartz breaks unevenly & with jagged pieces, while Mica breaks in flat sheet. These demonstrate the physical properties of __ & __.

5. The way light reflects off the surface of a Mineral is known as __. A. Hardness B. Magnetism C. Luster D. Color 5. The way light reflects off the surface of a Mineral is known as __.

6. Rocks are generally classified according to ___. A. Their mineral content B. Their color C. How they form D. Where they are found 6. Rocks are generally classified according to ___.

7. ___ rocks form when lava or magma cools, hardens, and crystallizes. A. Metamorphic B. Igneous C. Sedimentary 7. ___ rocks form when lava or magma cools, hardens, and crystallizes.

A. True B. False 8. True or False? Rocks that are harder likely have softer minerals that make up the rock.

A. True B. False 9. True or False? Metamorphic rock forms when heat & pressure deep underground change an existing rock into a new rock.

10. Which process would create sediments from a rock formation? A. Heat & Pressure B. Weathering & Erosion C. Deposition, Compaction & Cementation D. Melting 10. Which process would create sediments from a rock formation?

A. Metamorphic Rock B. Igneous Rock C. Sedimentary Rock 11. If your family visits the Grand Canyon and observes layers of many different colors & types of sediment, which type of rock are you observing?

C. Foliated Metamorphic D. Clastic Sedimentary A. Intrusive Igneous B. Extrusive Igneous C. Foliated Metamorphic D. Clastic Sedimentary 12. A volcanologist is working at a new volcanic site. She observes the rock and notices a fine-grained texture and a dark color. The type of rock based on this evidence would mostly likely be ___.

A. Organic Sedimentary B. Foliated Metamorphic C. Extrusive Igneous D. Nonfoliated Metamorphic 13. Gneiss is a type of rock with crystals that are flattened to form parallel lines. Based on this information, this rock would most likely be ___.

A. Metamorphic B. Igneous C. Sedimentary D. There is no way to tell 14. If a sedimentary rock is put under extreme heat & pressure to the point that it melted back into magma, based on the rock cycle, what classification of rock would it become next?

A. Metamorphic B. Igneous C. Sedimentary D. It is impossible to tell 15. The processes shown in the picture would produce which classification of rock?

A. Erosion B. Deposition C. Compaction D. Cementation 16. What is the process in which dissolved minerals crystallize & glue sediment together?

A. Erosion B. Deposition C. Compaction D. Cementation 17. Running water, ice, and wind loosen & carry away rock fragments. What is this process called?

A. Erosion B. Deposition C. Compaction D. Cementation 18. What is the process by which sediment settles out of the wind, water, or ice carrying it?

19. What process presses sediment together? A. Erosion B. Deposition C. Compaction D. Cementation 19. What process presses sediment together?

20. Small solid pieces of rock or living things are __. A. Chemical Rocks B. Sediment C. Foliated Metamorphic Rocks D. Clastic Rocks 20. Small solid pieces of rock or living things are __.

21. Sedimentary rock where rock fragments are cemented together is __. A. Clastic B. Organic C. Chemical 21. Sedimentary rock where rock fragments are cemented together is __.

A. Clastic B. Organic C. Chemical 22. Sedimentary rock that forms where the remains of plants or animals are deposited in thick layers is __.

A. Clastic B. Organic C. Chemical 23. Sedimentary rock that is formed when dissolved minerals crystallize is ___.

24. Which of the following statements are true? A. As you go deeper into the Earth, pressure increases B. As you go deeper into the Earth, temperature increases C. As you go deeper into the Earth, density increases D. All of the above are true 24. Which of the following statements are true?

A. Crust B. Mantle C. Outer Core D. Inner Core 25. Sarah is explaining the thickness of the layers of Earth of Max. She is using the example, “It’s like the eggshell of a boiled egg, compared to the rest of the egg.” Which layer is she explaining?

1. Thickest: 2. Densest: 3. Thinnest: 4. Hottest: 5. Solid Metal Ball: 6. Liquid Metal: 7. Melted Rock: 26. Use the diagram to help answer the questions about the layers of Earth

1. Thickest: Mantle 2. Densest: Inner core 3. Thinnest: Crust 4. Hottest: Inner Core 5. Solid Metal Ball: Inner Core 6. Liquid Metal: Outer Core 7. Melted Rock: Mantle 26. Use the diagram to help answer the questions about the layers of Earth

27. An animal dies, is buried quickly, and millions of years pass 27. An animal dies, is buried quickly, and millions of years pass. Explain which type of rock you can find the fossil of the animal & why. Be sure to explain why it can’t be found in the other 2 types of rock.

Fossils are found in Sedimentary rock only because as the plant or animal dies layers of sediment cover and protect it from scavengers. Fossils are not found in Igneous rock because the heat of the lava and/or magma would burn and destroy the plant or animal. Fossils are not found in Metamorphic rock because these rocks are formed deep beneath the Earth’s surface from the processes of extreme heat and pressure Remember: 1. Explain which type of rock you can find the fossil of the animal & why. 2. Explain why it can’t be found in the other 2 types of rock.

Rocks Minerals 28. Use a Venn Diagram to show & explain the relationship between rocks & minerals

Answers 1. B. 10. B 2. C 11. C 19. C 26. (1.) mantle 3. A 12. B 4. D 13. B 5. C 14. B 6. C 15. C 7. B 16. D 8. B 17. A 9. A 18. B 19. C 26. (1.) mantle 20.B (2.) Inner Core 21.A (3.) Crust 22. B (4.) Inner Core 23. C (5.) Inner Core 24. D (6.) Outer Core 25. A (7.) Mantle