History of the Modern World The Great War 1914-1916 Mrs. McArthur Walsingham Academy Room 111 Notre Dame de Lorette – A Soldier Walks Through the Flooded Trenches (François Flameng) Vocabulary: Section 1 Entente: a nonbinding agreement to follow common policies (Br. And Fr. 1904), which led to close military and diplomatic ties. Militarism: a glorification of the military; fed arms race and painted war in romantic colors. Alsace and Lorraine Ultimatum: Austria sent Serbia a final set of demands. Serbia agreed to most but not all which gave Austria the opportunity to declare war 7/28/14 Mobilize: prepare its military forces for war Neutrality: policy of supporting neither side Checkpoint Questions: Section 1 pp. 817: Triple Alliance: Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary vs. Triple Entente: France, Britain, Russia Pp 819: Economic competition, imperial rivalries an arms race created antagonism between the great powers. Nationalism contributed to the situation and threatened central authority in A-H and Ottoman empires. pp. 819: Austria blamed Serbia for the assassination and took the opportunity to attack it. Germany backed Austria. pp. 821: Alliances drew more and more countries into what began as a regional conflict. Russia stood by its ally, Serbia. France stood by its ally, Russia. Undecided Britain was drawn in when German invaded neutral Belgium. pp. 821: Because of a renewed sense of patriotism people rushed to firght for their homelands.

World War I and the Russian Revolution Section 1: The Great War Begins, pp. 816-821 Witness History Audio: The Spark: Borijove Jevtic Who killed the Archduke and his wife? What might have been his motives? Alliances Draw Lines Because of distrust among nations, two large alliances emerged—the Triple Alliance of Germany, Italy, and Austria-Hungary and the Triple Entente of France, Russia, and Britain. Notes: Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “Who killed the Archduke and his wife?” (Gavrilo Princip) “Why might Princip have done this?” (Sample: to make a statement about Serbian nationalism.) When Showing Color Transparency 157, use the lesson suggested in the transparency book to guide a discussion on the causes and consequences of the Schlieffen Plan. Geography Interactive: European Alliances and Military Build-Up, 1914 Complete questions. Rivalries and Nationalism Increase Tension Economic rivalries, struggles over colonies, arms races, and aggressive nationalism pushed Europe toward war. Note Taking Transparency 169. Print (link on slide #4) and complete organizer for additional practice. 1 of 7

Section 1: The Great War Begins The Powder Keg Ignites In Sarajevo the nephew of the Austrian emperor was assassinated by a Serbian nationalist, causing Austria (backed by Germany) to declare war on Serbia. Alliances Kick In Serbia enlisted the help of its ally, Russia, which brought France along with it into the war. Britain joined the war when Germany invaded neutral Belgium. Notes: Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “Who killed the Archduke and his wife?” (Gavrilo Princip) “Why might Princip have done this?” (Sample: to make a statement about Serbian nationalism.) When Showing Color Transparency 157, use the lesson suggested in the transparency book to guide a discussion on the causes and consequences of the Schlieffen Plan. Chart: Reasons for Entering the War, July-August 1914. Why might Russia feel that Germany started the war? Color Transparency 157: The Schlieffen Plan What was this military plan? What was it designed to do? What were its assumptions? 2 of 7

Section 1: The Great War Begins Reaction to the War The war took peoples’ minds off domestic problems and united the citizens of each country under patriotism. Progress Monitoring Transparency QuickTake Section Quiz Notes: Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “Who killed the Archduke and his wife?” (Gavrilo Princip) “Why might Princip have done this?” (Sample: to make a statement about Serbian nationalism.) When Showing Color Transparency 157, use the lesson suggested in the transparency book to guide a discussion on the causes and consequences of the Schlieffen Plan. Would you like additional study aides for Chapter 26? (5 Section summaries and blank organizers to test your knowledge of the class notes? Les voici! Save and Print. 3 of 7

Note Taking Transparency 169 4 of 7

Chart: Reasons for Entering the War, July-August 1914 5 of 7

Color Transparency 157: The Schlieffen Plan 6 of 7

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World War I and the Russian Revolution Section 2: A New Kind Of War, pp. 822-828 Stalemate on the Western Front Unexpected Belgian resistance and the efforts of British and French troops ended Germany’s plan for a quick victory over France. Geography Interactive: The Western Front and the Eastern Front, 1914-1918 Witness History Video: World War I: A New Kind of War Note Taking Transparency 170A Notes: Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “Why did the soldier find the singing of the birds so touching?” (The peaceful, ordinary singing of the birds was such a contrast to the death and destruction surrounding him.) When showing Color Transparency 158, discuss with students how this aircraft was utilized in World War I. When showing Color Transparency 159, use the lesson suggested in the transparency book to guide a discussion on the mechanized nature of World War I battles. Technology of Modern Warfare The new use of machine guns, artillery guns, poison gas, tanks, airplanes and submarines all changed the tactics required to win the war. Color Transparency 158: The Sopwith Camel Note Taking Transparency 170B 2 of 8

Section 2: A New Kind Of War Battle on Other European Fronts On the eastern front, Russia made some progress before retreating. In the Balkans, Bulgaria and Romania joined in on opposites sides of the War, and Italy joined in on the side of the Allies. Color Transparency 159: The Mule Track by Paul Nash War Around the World The Ottoman Turks joined the Central Powers in 1914 and cut supply routes to Russia from the Mediterranean. In the Caucasus Mountains, Turkey fought Russia. African and Asian colonies were also involved in the war effort. Notes: Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “Why did the soldier find the singing of the birds so touching?” (The peaceful, ordinary singing of the birds was such a contrast to the death and destruction surrounding him.) When showing Color Transparency 158, discuss with students how this aircraft was utilized in World War I. When showing Color Transparency 159, use the lesson suggested in the transparency book to guide a discussion on the mechanized nature of World War I battles. Progress Monitoring Transparency 3 of 8

Color Transparency 158: The Sopwith Camel 5 of 8

Color Transparency 159: The Mule Track by Paul Nash 7 of 8

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Assignment 1 Review slides #2-8, answering questions where indicated and practicing factual knowledge using graphic organizers. Test yourself (Links on Slide #4) Book Club: Sign Up this week for Remembrance Last Day: Tues. 1/12

Assignment 2 Read text, pp. 822-828, defining blue- bold vocabulary terms and answering 4 Checkpoint questions. Test your reading by completing the Notetaking Chart, pp. 822. (A blank copy is available for printing by using link on slide #4.)

Assignment 3 Read and Study Sourcebook Notes, slides # 43-63. Complete NoteTaking summary, pp 824 for practice. Read Infographic, pp. 824-5, Trench Warfare and complete Thinking Critically questions Geography Interactive, pp. 826 with questions.

Assignment 4 Read text, pp. 828. Answer questions. Read text, pp. 829-831 identifying 6 bold-blue words and answering 1 Checkpoint and 2 captions’ questions. Read Sourcebook Notes, slides 26-42. Check your knowledge