Models

Diffusion Define Give examples How does diffusion impact place?

Define and explain the following: Birth Rate: The number of births, per year, per 1000 people in the population. Death Rate: The number of deaths, per year, per 1000 people in the population. Life Expectancy: Average number of years a person at birth can expect to live. Declining: To become smaller, weaker, or less important. Middle Age: 40 – 64 years old. Older Age: 65 + years old. Dependency Ratio: The ratio between those in the non- economically active age group (taken to be children under 15 and adults over 65) and those in the economically active age group (15 to 64). Population Momentum: once a population reaches exponential growth it will continue to grow if the ratio of CBR and CDR remains constant because there is now more population Define and explain the following: CBR: Crude Birth Rate CDR: Crude Death Rate NI: Natural in Crease TFR: IMR: CMR:

DTM Demographic Transition Model

Explain for each stage: Challenges for this type of population According to WST, which tiers would reflect this pattern

Rostow Model AKA Ladder of Development

According to DTM: Which stage is closest to which step? What would their population profile look like?

von Thunen’s Agricultural Land Use Based on distance (transportation costs) At what distance would a smart farmer change from red crop to blue crop or blue to yellow crops? K1 would be the ________. Price Distance

So extend that to land use. In order, list the value (highest to lowest) of each land value. Agricultural Industrial Residential Retail Questions: How has industrial zoning changed? Why? How has residential changed? How does transportation impact urban morphology?

Think edge cities characteristics

Model Application

Which country appears to be rank size rule? Explain your choice? Describe the impact to infrastructure?

Least Cost Theory (Weber) Based on three costs Transportation Labor Agglomeration Weight gaining/losing industries: since transportation is the major cost, it makes sense to place your industry to impact transportation costs. Market Resource Factory Which is weight gaining? Which is weight losing? Give examples A B