Chapter 19 The Renaissance

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 19 The Renaissance

Renaissance Renaissance: Time period after the Middle Ages Significance: Time when interest in art and literature was revived Location: Italy

Renaissance Humanism: A way of thinking and learning that stresses the importance of human abilities & actions

Italian Writers Niccolo Machiavelli: Writer of “The Prince” Significance: Advised leaders on how to rule Advice: Sometimes rulers had to be ruthless to keep order

Italian Artists Perspective: A way of showing depth and distance on a flat surface

Italian Artists Michelangelo: Sculptor & painter Famous piece: Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel

Italian Artists Leonardo da Vinci: His work show human emotions Famous piece: Mona Lisa

Renaissance Writers William Shakespeare: Considered greatest writer in the English Language Best known for: Writing 30 comedies & tragedies Famous piece: Romeo & Juliet

Reformation Reformation: Reform movement against the Roman Catholic Church

Reformation Complaints: Thought that priests and bishops weren’t religious anymore That the pope was too involved in politics and not religion Thought the church had grown too rich People objected to the ways the church earned its money (Indulgences)

Reformation Indulgence: Document given by the pope that excused a person from penalties for the sins that he or she committed. Purpose: Was suppose to reduce your or your relatives time in purgatory

Reformation in Germany Martin Luther: Priest calling for Catholic Church reforms 95 Theses: List of complaints nailed to the door of the church in Wittenburg

Luther’s Reformation Results: Pope Leo X excommunicated him Ordered to appear before a diet in Worms (city) by German ruler Diet: Council of nobles and church officials

Reformation Protestants: Individuals who protest the Roman Catholic church Lutherans: Followers of Luther’s teaching Basis Anyone could have a direct relationship with God Live by the words in the Bible

Other European Reformations John Calvin: Christian reformer Taught predestination Live good lives and obey God’s laws

Other European Reformations King Henry VIII English King Created: Church of England Reason: Pope refused to end his marriage

Catholic Reformation Purpose: Stop the spread of Protestantism and reform the Catholic Church Council of Trent: Meeting of Catholic church members from across Europe

Catholic Reformation Goal: Discuss, debate, and reform Catholic teachings Results: 1. Selling of indulgences is banned 2. Bishops must live in areas they oversee 3. Ideas of Luther, Calvin, and other Reformation leaders are rejected.