OIE Animal Welfare Standards and animal transportation Chapters Regional Workshop on “OIE Standards – Facilitating safe international trade” April 14-15, 2017. Dubai, UAE Dr Leopoldo Stuardo Escobar Charge de mission – Animal Welfare World Organisation for Animal Health

Agenda OIE Standards on Animal Welfare Current and future OIE activities on animal welfare Transport of animals – OIE Code Chapters 7.2., 7.3. and 7.4. Action Plan - Regional Animal Welfare Strategies

OIE Standards on Animal Welfare

The OIE and animal welfare: a strategic commitment The OIE’s longstanding commitment to Animal Welfare was recently reaffirmed in its 6th Strategic Plan (2016-2020). Why: Historic role of the OIE in protecting animal health Animal health is a key component of animal welfare. Through its strategic engagement, the OIE is recognised globally as the leader in setting international animal welfare standards.

Challenges for OIE Complexity of Animal Welfare with important scientific, ethical, cultural, religious, economic and political dimensions. Essential to have a scientific base, but for adoption, account must be taken of other dimensions. Need to address AW on a global basis. OIE standards need to be relevant to all Members; Livestock production systems are extremely diverse, even within the same country

OIE Standards on Animal Welfare Terrestrial Animal Health Code: Section 7 (http://www.oie.int/en/international-standard-setting/terrestrial-code/access-online/) Introduction to the recommendations for animal welfare (2003) Transport of animals by land (2005) Transport of animals by sea (2005) Transport of animals by air (2005) Slaughter of animals for human consumption (2005) Killing of animals for disease control purposes (2005) Control of stray dog populations (2009) Use of animals in research and education (2010) Animal Welfare and Beef Cattle Production Systems (2012) Animal Welfare and Broiler Chicken Production Systems (2013) Animal Welfare and Dairy Cattle Production Systems (2015) Welfare of Working Equids (2016)

OIE Standards on Animal Welfare Aquatic Animal Health Code: Section 7 (http://www.oie.int/en/international-standard-setting/aquatic-code/access-online/) Introduction to recommendations for the welfare of farmed fish Welfare of farmed fish during transport (2009) Welfare aspects of stunning and killing of farmed fish for human consumption (2010) Killing of farmed fish for disease control purposes (2012)

From the OIE Guiding principles for animal welfare That the use of animals carries with it an ethical responsibility to ensure the welfare of such animals to the greatest extent practicable. That improvements in farm animal welfare can often improve productivity and food safety, and hence lead to economic benefits. That equivalent outcomes based on performance criteria, rather than identical systems based on design criteria, be the basis for comparison of animal welfare standards and recommendations

Concept of the welfare in production systems in the OIE AW Code Chapters: Outcome-based measures INPUT OUTCOME Indicate the animal’s welfare (welfare indicator) Animal factors Resources available (Resource- based measures) Response of of the animal Effects on the animal (Measurables) Animal tries to cope Management practices (Management - based measures) Hazards and Risk factors Consequences

Current and future OIE activities on animal welfare

OIE animal welfare activities and priorities (1) Standard setting work program - General Updating and creating international standards including broad consultation of industry, NGOs, etc. Improve participation by all OIE Members, and all parties, in the standard setting process. Raise awareness at national and regional level on the significance of international animal welfare standards Increase involvement of scientific community and understanding of regional issues through OIE Collaborating Centres on AW

OIE animal welfare activities and priorities (2) Standard setting work program – Specific Animal Production systems Pig (AHG meeting, February 2017) Laying hens (AHG meeting November 2016) Other Killing methods for farmed reptiles for skin and meat Disaster management and risk reduction in relation to animal health, animal welfare and veterinary public health

OIE animal welfare activities and priorities (3) Implementation of OIE Standards Capacity building for Veterinary Services Animal Welfare Focal Point Seminars Donor funded training programmes Regional Animal Welfare Strategies (RAWS) Strengthen collaboration between private and public partners

Guadalajara, Mexico, 6-8 December 2016 http://www.oie.int/eng/animal-welfare-conf2016/presrec.html

Transport of animals Chapters 7.2., 7.3. and 7.4.

Chapter 7.3: Transport of Animals by Land General principles of transport applicable in all countries with different levels of infrastructure Aspirational standard/ ratified by all 178 countries More outcome based than prescriptive Framework for understanding of basics of animal welfare during transport

Preamble Provisions apply to transport of cattle, buffaloes, camels, sheep, goats, pigs, poultry and equines largely applicable to some other animals e.g. deer, other camelids and ratites. Wild animals and feral animals may need different conditions.

Understanding of animal behaviour

Responsibilities Owners Handlers Business agents Transport agents Managers of facilities Competent authorities

Responsibilities of competent authorities Setting standards Animal welfare and fitness to travel Transport and loading facilities Competencies of drivers and handlers Implementation of standards and monitoring effectiveness of standards Ensuring training for drivers and handlers Giving animal consignments priority at the frontiers 

Planning and preparation – pre journey Preparation of vehicles and facilities Preparation of drivers and documentation Preparation of animals Fitness to travel , compatible groups Adaptation to handling, new diet Preparation for emergencies Preparation of journey plans - rest water and feed

Space allowance Space allowances vary according position i.e. standing (horses) lying (cattle) Those animals that lie down should be able to do so without being on top of another Space adjustments according to character of journey and weather More headroom for air circulation required in hot climates

Loading Supervision Facilities Handling Goads/tools

Travel Restraint Regulating the environment Management of sick,injured and dead animals Rest periods Observation of animals

Unloading Design Dealing with sick and injured animals Cleaning and disinfection

Actions in the event of a refusal to allow the completion of the journey A) importing country should make available isolation facilities to allow secure holding of animals, without posing a risk to the health of their national herd or flock, IF A) is not possible than B) applies: B) to allow provisioning of the vehicle with water and feed as necessary; If the matter cannot be promptly resolved, the Competent Authorities of the exporting and importing countries should call on the OIE to mediate.

Regional Animal Welfare Strategies

OIE Regional animal welfare strategies (RAWS) Support implementation of the OIE animal welfare standards by Member countries. Details and objectives vary from region to region Agreed framework and guidance for countries through Action Plans. OIE Regions of the Americas, Asia Pacific and Oceania, Europe (Platform) and Middle East have adopted a RAWS.

Middle east OIE Regional animal welfare strategies (MERAWS) objectives of the ME AW Action Plan for 2016-2019 Overall objective: to improve animal welfare in the Middle East. Strategic objective: to empower Veterinary Services to take actions in Animal Welfare in compliance with OIE standards.

Middle east OIE Regional animal welfare strategies (MERAWS) objectives of the ME AW Action Plan for 2016-2019 3 Specific Objectives: To raise awareness and achieve high level of understanding of animal welfare in the Middle East To support progressive implementation of the OIE standards on animal welfare in the Middle East To encourage the participation of member countries of the OIE Regional Commission for the Middle East in the OIE standard setting process

Middle east OIE Regional animal welfare strategies (MERAWS) Scope of the ME AW Action Plan for 2016-2019 Transport of animals by sea (OIE TAHC Chapter 7.2) Transport of animals by land (OIE TAHC Chapter 7.3) Slaughter of animals (OIE TAHC Chapter 7.5) Stray dog population control (OIE TAHC Chapter 7.7)

“whole journey concept from export to slaughter” Middle east OIE Regional animal welfare strategies (MERAWS) proposal of activity for the ME RAWS Action Plan for 2016-2019 Support the establishment of a sustainable process aiming at improving the welfare of the slaughtering livestock in the context of inter-regional trade to the Middle East from export to slaughter. “whole journey concept from export to slaughter”

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