Psychology and Psychopathology of thought and intellect
Thought - is a psychical process which consists in opening of connections and dependence between objects and phenomena. It is a higher form of the generalized reflection in consciousness of man of the most substantial properties of objects and phenomena of objective reality and their intercommunications.
Thought operation Analysis - the thought dividing of intelligent material by component parts and extractions of separate features of elements, properties · Synthesis - thought connection in one whole separate parts. · Comparison - consists in establishment of likeness and (or) difference between objects and phenomena. ·Generalization - a selection of main general, most characteristic signs for a certain object, phenomenon, situation · Abstraction is extraction of separate features of object which is studied.
Concretization - thought operation, opposite to abstraction Classification - a division and next association of objects or phenomena by more common concept Systematization - a conceivable division of objects and phenomena in the set procedure in accordance with existing between their connections.
Types of thought on a form existence Evidently - effective (practical):problem is solving directly in an action, practical activity. Characteristic for children and higher animals evidently - vivid thought is related to concrete appearances, situations, changes in them. · word - logical (abstract, theoretical, concept) -operating by concepts, judgements, deductions. Task is decides in a verbal form.
After character of mental work: Thought - causal - resultative A virus of flu - is a flu A stick of tbc - is tuberculosis Thought conditional The terms of origin of that or other phenomenon are taken into account (flu - freezing Tbc - bad feed)
Types of thought after style Standard (“stencilled”) - represents withstand ages truths: 2*2=4. It brings nothing new for progress. · Original - does not change basic base knowledges and fundamental positions, but objects or phenomena are examined from a new, unexplored side. Helps originally to untie a task. · Revolutionary (paradoxical) - in a root changes old looks and axioms. Theory of Kopernik, moral of Jesus Christ, theory of relativity of Einstein.
Forms of thought - Concept - is reflection of most substantial, properties of most commons and qualities of objects and phenomena, expressed a linguistic sign-word: “tree”, “man”, “table” · Judgement - represents substantial connections between objects and phenomena: - it is not all that gold, that shines - Deduction is a conclusion, done from a few judgements: all metals - explorers of electricity - a copper is a metal, a copper is an explorer of electricity.
Methods of deductions: Induction is motion of idea from single assertions to common knowledge. · Deduction is motion of idea from more general to less general - (all bodies broaden from heating, means a stone broadens also) · An analogy is a conclusion, done on the basis of similarity between objects on a certain sign. · Intuition - compressed in time, not enough understanding direct cognitive act without previous logical deliberation.
Qualities (productivity) Breadth ·. Specification ·. Deep · Qualities (productivity) Breadth · Specification · Deep · Criticism · Flexibility · Sequence · Rate · Originality · Shrewdness · Ingenuity
An intellect (mind) is an aggregate of knowledges and vital experience of man, possibility of their subsequent accumulation and use in practice. Intellectuality is a breadth of range of interests, general erudition. Intelligence is a culture of display of intellect and conduct.