What makes something alive ?

What are living things? There are certain criteria that determine if something is living. Do ALL 9 criteria have to be met? Yes, ALL 9 criteria must be met.

Organism Anything that possesses all of the following characteristics of life. Living things R-CHARGEED !!

R - eproduce All living things produce offspring. Making copies of individuals by genetic transfer, sexually or asexually.

C - ells -Living organisms show an orderly structure (made up of cells) Centipede Cross-section of worm Examples: Leaf

H - omeostasis The ability to maintain internal conditions separate from an outside environment. Example: The human body maintains an average temperature of 98.6 ºF.

dapt to the environment R - espond to stimuli A living organism will respond to an environmental condition called a stimulus. An adaptation is any characteristic of an organism that improves its chances of surviving in its environment A plant growing in a specific direction due to a light stimulus.

Living things change -living things interact with the environment, and adjust to their surroundings -environment- biotic (living) and abiotic (nonliving) factors that an organism must constantly interact with (air, water, temperature, other organisms, etc.)

G - rowth D - evelopment Getting Bigger / Increasing material All of the changes that take place during the life of an organism. Maturing. Growth rings in a tree Amoeba absorbing nutrients

E - energy Metabolism. Chemical and energy transformations. All organisms need energy for all life activities. Even thinking requires a considerable amount of energy. Transforming glucose into ATP for energy (to do work).

E - evolve The gradual accumulation of adaptations due to environmental stimuli. (Organisms with more suitable adaptations are more likely to survive and reproduce) Example: Owls, and other nocturnal animals have evolved large eyes for better night vision.

Alright, let’s see how well you paid attention Review the lab findings

Classify the fetal pig Alive Dead but once alive Never alive Product of a living thing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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Classify the fish Alive Dead but once alive Never alive Product of a living thing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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Classify the conch shell Alive Dead but once alive Never alive Product of a living thing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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Classify the grasshopper Alive Dead but once alive Never alive Product of a living thing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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Hedgehog! Alive Dead but once alive Never alive Product of a living thing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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Classify Plant Alive Dead but once alive Never alive Product of a living thing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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Classify the cotton Alive Dead but once alive Never alive Product of a living thing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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Classify the wood block Alive Dead but once alive Never alive Product of a living thing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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Classify the synthetic sponge Alive Dead but once alive Never alive Product of a living thing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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Classify the candle Alive Dead but once alive Never alive Product of a living thing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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Classify the egg Alive Dead but once alive Never alive Product of a living thing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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Classify the beans Alive Dead but once alive Never alive Product of a living thing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

How many characteristics of life must an organism possess to be considered alive? 1 3 5 2 and a half All of them 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

All of the following are characteristics of life except… Organized Grow and Develop Adapt Maintain internal conditions Move Reproduce 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Maintain internal conditions Move Reproduce Which of the following characteristics of life are not required for an organism to survive but instead to ensure survival of an entire species? Organized Grow and Develop Adapt Maintain internal conditions Move Reproduce 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

How are living things organized? There are various levels of organization: and get bigger. Let’s start small

1) Atoms Atoms are the smallest unit of matter that have the chemical properties of a particular element. Examples: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen…

2) Molecules Molecules that are the small building blocks from which larger molecules are made. Examples: Water Glucose Amino Acid

3) Macromolecules Large molecules consisting of many subunits. Examples: Cellulose Protein

4) Organelles Specialized structures inside of a cell. Examples: Cell Membrane Mitochondria

5) Cells The smallest unit of biological organization that biologists consider alive. Example:

6) Tissue A group of distinct and similar cells that carry out a specific set of functions. Skin Examples: Muscle

7) Organ Groups of tissues organized together to carry out a particular set of functions. Examples: Stomach Brain

8) Organ System Groups of organs that function together to carry out broad sets of functions. Example:

9) Organism (or individual) Individual that has its own distinct existence as a complex, reproducing unit. Examples:

10) Population Group of freely interacting and breeding individuals of the same species. Examples: Herd of Zebra School of fish

11) Community Populations of different species living and interacting together in a distinct area. Example: Marine community

12) Ecosystem Distinguishable groups of species and the abiotic (non-living) components of the environment with which the living creatures interact. Examples:

13.) Biome Geographically defined area based on climate and environmental conditions.

14.) Biosphere I’m sure you can figure this one out!