Unit 20 Archaeology

ARCHAEOLOGY Unit 20 China is a country with an ancient civilization .It has a long history and brilliant culture. In which ways can we learn about its history and culture?

How much do you know about the following pictures Inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells Terra cotta warriors and horses

What can they remind us of ? What are they? What can they remind us of ? axe Tri-colored glazed pottery (陶釉） of Tang Dynasty A painting on silk of Han Dynasty Bronze tripod

Stone Age cave Tool arrows skull

Bronze Age What are the functions of these objects?

Han Dynasty pottery Palace A painting on silk

Tri-colored glazed pottery Tang Dynasty Tri-colored glazed pottery Dunhuang frescoes

What are they playing? Polo in Tang Dynasty

Do you know ? Stone Age (10,000---2,000 BC)

Bronze Age (2,000---250 BC)

Han Dynasty

Tang Dynasty

questions 1.What did they eat? 2.Where did they live? 3.What did their houses look like? 4.What kind of tools did they use? 5.What objects have we found from their age? 6.What kind of entertainment did they have ?

Meat & Fish fruit, plants and in the later Stone Age Meat & Fish fruit, plants and in the later Stone Age probably also bread and rice. Early Stone Age: caves and tents: Late Stone Age: huts, wooden buildings Home decoration: Early Stone Age: wall paintings animal skins, animal bones; Late Stone Age: Pottery, wall paintings, animal skins, woven materials, objects made of jade.

Early Stone Age: Tools made of stones, fishing nets, tools made of wood, tools made of clay, tools made of bones; Late Stone Age: same but more skilled. Bones, rammed earth, traces of fires, tools, simple objects such as jewellery made of animal teeth or bones. Early Stone Age: Story telling, maybe singing, and dancing around a fire. Late Stone Age: same + decorating homes, pottery and handicrafts

Bronze Age Rice, staple food and vegetables from farms, meat from hunted and farm animals, fish, milk products. Wooden building. Home decoration: Painted walls, pots and containers made of clay or bronze, wooden Furniture, woven mats.

Stone and wood, containers of pottery and bronze, weapons made of bronze. Bronze objects, bones, stone objects, Pottery and clay figures. Story telling, singing and dancing, Music with simple musical instruments, Reciting poetry, handicrafts.

Han Dynasty Fine foods of all varieties, wine and alcohol Wooden building. Home decoration: Painted walls, pots and con- tainers made of clay or bronze, wooden furniture, woven mats and woven silk and woolen cloth.

All kinds of tools made of different metals, wood, glass, or stone. Clay figures, statues, woven cloth of silk and other materials, jade, gold, written bamboo texts, pottery. Song and poetry, music with a variety of musical instruments, hunting, eating and drinking.

Tang Dynasty A choice of fine foods and wines. Wooden and stone buildings Home decoration: Painted walls, pots and vases made of porcelain, wooden, stone and metal sculptures, furniture, woven mats and woven Silk and woolen cloth.

All kinds of tools made of different material. Pottery, tools, jewellery, paper and silk material, jade, gold and metal objectss. Various forms of musical entertainment, reading, hunting, travel, etc.

Unit 20 Archaeology Speaking

Sanxingdui Ruins sites How much do you know about the Sanxingdui Ruins sites in Sichuang Province? What can be found ? Try to say something about it.

In the spring of 1929, Yan Daocheng, a farmer was working with his family to dig an irrigation ditch. They unearthed about 400 pieces of colourful jade. They had opened a door on the ancient state of Shu. In spring ,1934, Ge Weihan, an American professor and Ling Mingjun, a clerk in the West China University, headed a team of archaeological workers to dig up the Sanxingdui remains. It lasted ten days. About 400 pieces of jade ware and other objects were unearthed. In 1963, while digging in the area, Mr. Feng Hanji pointed to Sanxingdui and told his students that the remains were so overcrowded that this must be a central city of ancient Shu. Later his prediction proved to be true.

In 1986, the archaeologists made the remaining mound as the centre of operations and began to work outwards. In the total area of 1,325 square meters, including 53 holes, they cleared out 9 house ruins, 101 ash pits, and got over 100, 000 earthenware pieces and about 500 pieces of bronze, jade and lacquer ware. On July 18, No.1 pit was found. Over 400 pieces altogether, including gold-scepters, gold masks, bronze images, jade tablets, jade dagger-axes and ivories were unearthed. On July 27, the No. 2 pit was found. Over 800 pieces together, including gold objects, a bronze standing man, bronze vertical-eyed mask, large sacred trees numerous bronze images and a large number of jade objects were all taken out from the pit.

characters

Groups of Pyramids in Egypt

Explore Pyramids

discoveries mummy coffin

Free talk What’s the importance of archaeology? Are there any archaeological sites in your hometown? What’s your attitude towards it? How should we deal with the unearthed objects?

Useful Expressions I wonder what /who… I really want to know… I’m curious to… I’d love to know… I wonder if/whether… What I really like to find out is… I’m curious about… I’d like to know more about…

Unit20 integrating skill

三星堆博物馆外观 The Museum of Sanxingdui 博物馆中的“易” in the museum 青铜神树 Bronze Tree 青铜面具 Bronze Mask

1.  Why did Jinsha village became famous all over China in 2001? 2.  How did Sanxingdui first discovered?

Read the whole passage carefully again and then answer some detailed questions. 1.Who was the first to discover the Jinsha Ruins and when? 2.Before the Jinsha Ruins was found, archaeologists believed how long the history of Sichuan was? 3.Since 1929, what have been unearthed in Sanxingdui Ruins Site? 4.What do archaeologists hope to discover in the future?

Read the whole passage carefully again and then answer some detailed questions on the screen. 1.Who was the first to discover the Jinsha Ruins and when? 2.Before the Jinsha Ruins was found, archaeologists believed how long the history of Sichuan was? On February 8, 2001, construction workers from a local company found ivory and jade in the mud when they were building road there Before the discoveries in the Jinsha Ruins, it was believed that Sichuan only had a history of about 2,300 years

3.Since 1929, what have been unearthed in Sanxingdui Ruins Site? 4.What do archaeologists hope to discover in the future? Since 1929, more that 10,000 relics dating back to between 5,000BC and 3,000BC have been discovered. 53 holes were dug up and over 1,200 pieces, including bronze and gold masks, bronze objects and images, jade and ivory had been found They hope to discover some of the mysterious palaces, tombs of kings and bronze and jade workshops.

Relics excavated in Sanxingdui ruins The site of Sanxingdui, located at Guanghan 40km from Chengdu, is recognized as the most important ancient remains of the Sichuan region for its vast size, long lasting period and enriched cultural contents. The site was ranked by the State Council of PRC among the Top National Culture-Preservatory Bases in January 1988. Sanxingdui Museum Relics excavated in Sanxingdui ruins

The Discovery of the Ruins in Jinsha Village A jade object. with a hole in the center. The excavation site of the historical relics in Jinsha Village. A bronze figure in a standing posture. A jade chisel. A stone kneeling figure

department of protection of A suggested flow chart: Find the old things under the ground Stop working Not steal the old things Not destroy the scene Protect the scene Call the department of protection of historical relics Call the police

language study

Please hand me the bag made by hand. He lighted a candle to give us light. hand vt. 传递 n. 手 light vt. 点燃 n.光亮 Words with different word functions: cut, date, dress, trade, face, transport, laugh, excuse, contact…

1. The photo reminds me of childhood. 2.  At the Jinsha Ruins, archaeologists dug up many precious relics. 3.  The house doesn’t belong to me. 4.  It looks like rain. 5.  He must have been there before. 6.  They may not have caught the train.

Henry gave me a tie for my birthday last year. It was last year that Henry gave me a new tie for my birthday. It was Henry who gave me a new tie for my birthday last year . It was for my birthday that Henry gave me a new tie last year. 强调句型：It is +…that (who)…

It is said that Tom has come back from abroad. People say that Tom has come back from abroad. ＊It be + v.pp + that clause → people + Vt.+ that clause ( reported,believed,thought,proved,hoped,suggested, known…)

Individual work: Complete the following sentences using “it”. ________________(据报道)dozens of children died in the accident. 2._____________(真遗憾)he can’t swim at his age. 3.It is uncertain ________________________________ (他是否参加会议 ). 4.It is important _____________________________ ( 掌握一门外语 ). 5._____________________(在大学时 ) they got to know . 7.It is an honor _________________________(举办奥运会). It is reported It’s pity whether he will attend the meeting to master a foreign language. It was at college that to hold the Olympic Games

Unit 20 integrating skill Complete the sentences, paying attention to the use of “it”. _____________(据说) that this book has been translated into many different languages. 2.  _______________________(很可能) that your team will win. 3.  ____________(很遗憾) that he can’t pass the English test. 4. _________________________________(直到250年后) that they formed a single state. 5. _______________(是1990年) that I graduated from the university. 6.  It is important _____________________________(我们学好英语). It is said It is possible/likely It’s a pity It was not until 250 years later It was in 1990 for us to learn English well

ivory jade 1.They found _________(象牙）and __________(玉） in the mud. 2. Since then, archaeologists have found a large_________ (量，数量）of treasure. 3. I make my cellphone _____________(当作）a watch. 4. Sichuan not only had trade_________with (与…贸易联系） 　the Yangtze and Yellow River valleys. 5. A farmer ____________(挖出）a round piece of jade. 6. Yan Kaizong _______________(陪同） his grandfather to get to the museum in Guanghan. 7. That things don’t ________________(属于）us. 8. There are many treasure, including gold _______(面具） 　bronze objects and ___________(神像), jade and ivory. quantity serve as links dug up accompanied belongs to masks images

1. Archaeologists in England found a grave of a man ________________(回溯到）around 2300 BC. 2. He was buried _______his left side ________his face _________the north. (介词填空） 3. The most amazing ___________(发现）was two gold _____________.(耳环） 4. Only a few _________________from his head ______ (be) two pots made of clay. 5. Everything _________(发现）in the man’s grave was probably given to him for his use in the next life. 6. The ____________(发现）is important for a ______________of (各种各样）reasons. 7. Archaeologists _______________(趋于）believe that this man was a member of a powerful class that may…… dating back to on with to find earrings centimetres were found discovery variety tend to

approximately 8. The biggest stones weigh _____________(接近）20 tons. 9. ________not yet known how these were ____________ (搬运）over a __________(距离）of 380 kilometres. 10. It is possible that the King of Stonehenge was _______ to (与…有关）the stones: he may have had__________ (参与）planning the _____________(纪念碑） , or in helping transport and pull up the stones. 11. ________________(就…而言）technical development, people were going from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age. 12. ……but ________________(人们认为）to have happened through trade and cultural ________(联系）. 13. The King of Stonehenge came with the skills to make metal , and that would have given him a high status ______________(在…看来）local people. It’s conveyed distance linked a hand in monument In terms of it is believed link in the eyes of

Word study Find the words which mean the same as: 1________ the ruler of an empire higher than a king 2________ the clothes that people wear 3________ a long stick with a sharp point ,used as a weapon 4________ a deep round bowl used for cooking 5________ a thin weapon that you shoot with a bow 6________ the amount of space between two places emperor clothing spear pot arrow distance

Complete the following sentences : 1 date The ____ was May 3,200. Archaeologist in England found the grave of a man, which______ back to around 23,00BC. 2 dress She loves black _______.She is always _________in black. 3 find Archaeologist_______the grave of a man last year and the most amazing____was two gold earrings. date dated dresses dressed found find

4 transport No one knows how these big stone were ____________over such a distance. Some say it could aliens who lent a hand in the ________ of the stones. 5 trade The _____between China and Western countries has a long history . They _______jewellery and medicine for China and tea and silk. 6 pin I’m looking for some _____. I want to _____this beautiful picture on the wall. transported transport trade traded pins pin

Writing China has a long history. The ground contains cultural relics and important archaeological objects almost everywhere.Archaeological discoveries play an important part in learning about the history and culture of a country, so everyone has the duty to protect them after they are unearthed. Work in groups and discuss what you should do and what you should not do when you discovered some old things under the ground. Make a poster showing a flow chart of the things you should do and should not do.

Thank you