The Great 8! By: Paige Boyd

The Alkali Metals Members: Lithium Sodium Potassium Rubidium Cesium Francium 5 Facts: Have a single Valence Electron Are Extremely Reactive They are found in nature only in compounds The reactivity increases as you move down the list Even in air they react quickly to cover their surfaces with oxides

Alkaline Earth Metals Members: Beryllium <- Magnesium Calcium Strontium Barium Radium 5 Facts: Have two Valence Electrons They are harder then Alkali Metals All are metallic elements Have a oxidation number of +2 Not found freely in nature

The Boron Family Members: Boron Aluminum Gallium Indium Thallium 5 Facts: Have three Valence Electrons They don’t occur naturally in their element form All but boron will chemically react at a moderate temperature They are metallic solids except for boron that is a solid metalloid Relatively soft metals

The Carbon Family Members: Carbon Silicon Germanium Tin Lead 5 Facts: Contains a nonmetal, two metalloids, and two metals Have four Valence Electrons The Metallic nature increases as you go down the list The last two elements, tin and lead are distinctly metals The change from non-metallic to metallic character with the increase in atomic number

The Nitrogen Family Members: Nitrogen Phosphorus Arsenic Antimony Bismuth 5 Facts: Contains two nonmetals, two metalloids, and one metal Has five Valence Electrons Nitrogen and Phosphorus are the most important elements in this group Except for nitrogen, the elements are solid at room temperature They have a oxidation number of +3 or +5

The Oxygen Family Members: Oxygen Sulfur Selenium Tellurium Polonium 5 Facts: Has three nonmetals, and two metalloids All have six Valence Electrons Also they are called the chalcogens These can be found in nature in both free and combined states They are considered part of the Main Group elements

The Halogens Members: Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine Astatine 5 Facts: Each have seven Valence Electrons Despite their physical differences, they have similar chemical properties Are reactive nonmetals The word halogen means salt forming The halogens all have a strong, often nasty, smell

The Noble Gases Members: Helium Neon Argon Krypton Xenon Radon 5 Facts: Helium has two Valence Electrons The other elements have eight Valence Electrons They are colorless, odorless, and highly reactive They are also known as the inert gases They are sometimes call Group 0