BASIC PROFESSIONAL TRAINING COURSE Module VI Deterministic safety assessment Case Studies Version 1.0, May 2015 This material was prepared.

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BASIC PROFESSIONAL TRAINING COURSE Module VI Deterministic safety assessment Case Studies Version 1.0, May 2015 This material was prepared by the IAEA and co-funded by the European Union.

EXAMPLES OF COMPUTER CODES FOR DSA 2 The computer codes used for anticipated transients and design basis accidents (DBA) can be divided into the following broad categories: Reactor physics codes Fuel behaviour codes Thermo-hydraulic (T/H) codes including Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) codes Containment analysis codes Structural analysis codes Severe accident analysis codes

EXAMPLES OF COMPUTER CODES – cont. 3 Many of these codes are used in combination with each other. Many of these codes have been merged to form more comprehensive code packages. In particular, reactor physics codes and CFD codes may be incorporated into system thermo-hydraulic codes. Many thermo-hydraulic codes have been extended by inclusion of severe accident models in order to cover wider range of accident scenarios.

REACTOR PHYSICS CODES 4 Reactor physics codes can be used among other, for the following applications: Spectral analysis Preparation of group libraries for dynamic codes Dynamic analysis of reactor cores Together with T/H codes can be used to perform coupled core kinetics and system analysis for transients and DBA conditions.

REACTOR PHYSICS CODES – cont. 5 Examples of reactor physics codes are: WIMS (Canada) DYN3D (Germany) KIKO 3D (Hungary – for VVER 440) HEXTRAN (Finland) COCCINELLE (France)

FUEL BEHAVIOUR CODES 6 The fuel behaviour codes simulate behaviour of individual fuel rods in normal operation, transient and DBA conditions. Examples of such codes include: FRAPCON (USA) FRAPT-T6 (USA) TRANSURANUS (Germany) UNIGMA (UK) START-3 (Russian Federation) RAPTA-5 (Russian Federation) ELESIM (Canada) ELOCA (Canada)

SYSTEM T/H CODES 7 System thermo-hydraulic codes are used to simulate the behaviour of reactor systems. They simulate: Hydrodynamics Heat transfer Reactor kinetics Control systems Other system components

SYSTEM T/H CODES – cont. Examples of T/H codes are: RELAP5 (USA) 8 Examples of T/H codes are: RELAP5 (USA) TRAC-P/B (USA) COBRA-TRAC (USA) CATHARE (France) ATHLET (Germany) DINAMIKA (Russian Federation) SMABRE (Finland) APROS (Finland) CATHENA (Canada) TUF (Canada)

CONTAINMENT CODES 9 The containment codes simulate thermo-hydraulics associated with the containment systems and components (sometimes include also hydrogen combustion) Examples are: CONTEMPT (USA) CONTAIN (USA) GOTHIC (Germany) JERICHO (France) RALOC (Germany) COCOSYS (Germany)

STRACTURAL ANALYSIS CODES 10 The structural analysis codes simulate the behaviour of vessel, piping and containment under accident conditions. Large number of such coded developed for non-nuclear industrial applications. Examples of codes used in reactor safety analysis are (all USA): NASTRAN ABAQUS ANSYS SAP200 COSMOS/M

SEVERE ACCIDENT ANALYSIS CODES 11 Most of Severe accident analysis codes are extension of T/H codes. Examples are: SCADAP/RELAP5 (USA) CATHARE/ICARE (France) ATHLET-CD (Germany) IMPACT (Japan) ESCADRE (France) MAAO (USA) MELCOR (USA) THALES (Japan) The views expressed in this document do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission.