Science in Ukraine Made by Katia Dubinina

In the twentieth century, a number of renowned scientific schools were established in Ukraine dealing with problems of geochemistry and the natural sciences (V. Vernadsky), mechanics (S. Tymoshenko), oriental studies (A. Krymsky), microbiology (D. Zabolotny), biology (0. Bohomolets), chemistry (L. Pysar/hcvsky), electrical welding and bridge-building (Ye. Paton), physics (M. Boholiubov), cybernetics (V. Glushkov), space engineering (M. Yanhel), etc.

By the beginning of the year 2000, Ukraine's scientific potential of Ukraine comprised 1,506 scientific institutions and organizations. Of these, 289 were in the academic sector, 160 were institutions of higher learning, while 964 belonged to the industry, and 93 to the factory sector. 126,000 persons are directly engaged in research and engineering activities.

Ukrainian science is making successful efforts to be integrated into the international scientific community.

So, Ukrainian space industry enters into new millenium introducing market innovation system, which is favorable for improving investment climate and attracting investors to mutual beneficial cooperation within joint commercial projects.

Ilya Mechnikov (1845-1916) Zoologist, embryologist, immunologist, physiologist and pathologist. A pioneer of intracellular digestion; an author of phagocytic immunity theory and comparative pathology of inflammation; a founder of scientific gerontology and one of the pioneers of evolutionary embryology. 

Ilya Mechnikov (1845-1916) Mechnikov established the first Russian school of microbiologists, immunologists and pathologists; he took an active part in creating scientific and research establishments elaborating different forms of virulent disease control. The monument to the scientist is erected in Kharkiv, a place where he was born (Ivanivka village near Kharkiv).

Nobel Prize winner in physiology and medicine (1093). Ilya Mechnikov (1845-1916) Nobel Prize winner in physiology and medicine (1093).

Surgeon, one of the founders of Ukrainian surgery school. Alexander Shalimov (1918-2006) Surgeon, one of the founders of Ukrainian surgery school.

Alexander Shalimov (1918-2006) He invented new operation methods for digestive apparatus (for the first time in history he managed to transplant pancreas to diabetic), heart and oncological diseases. He conducted more than 40 000 surgeries.

Alexander Shalimov (1918-2006) He headed the first in Ukraine heart transplantation operation. In 1998 the International Chamber of the American Biographical Institute recognized Shalimov as a Man of Planet. He is an author of more than 830 scientific works and 112 inventions; founded two research institutes in Ukraine (Kharkiv and Kiev).

He was also elected as an honorary director of the Institute of clinical and experimental surgery of the National Science of Ukraine (after his death the institute was named after his name). Buried at Baikove cemetery (Kiev).

Ukrainian-American pioneer scientist and aircraft designer. Igor Sikorsky (1889-1972) Ukrainian-American pioneer scientist and aircraft designer.

Igor Sikorsky (1889-1972) A designer of the world's first multi-engine fixed-wing aircraft, the “Russky Vityaz”, the world’s first multi-engine transatlantic seaplane and the first production helicopter (1940, the USA).

Igor Sikorsky (1889-1972) The monument to Sikorsky was erected on campus of the National Technical University of Ukraine “KPI”, Kiev.

Ukrainian aircraft designer. Oleg Antonov (1906-1984) Ukrainian aircraft designer.

Oleg Antonov (1906-1984) He headed production of transport aircrafts such as An-8, An-12, An-22 (“Antey”), An-32, An-72, An-124 (“Ruslan”); all-purpose aircrafts An-2, An-14, An-28, passenger aircrafts An-10 and An-24. 

Oleg Antonov (1906-1984) Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1968), Hero of Socialist Labor, deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 5th, 6th and 7th convocations; he received Stalin and Lenin Awards in 1962 and three Orders of Lenin.

Evgeny Paton (1870-1953) Soviet scientist in electric welding and bridge building, a head of the Electric Welding Institute in Kiev that is named after his name. He is famous for structural mechanics and iron bridge construction. He formulated principles of calculation and construction of riveted bridges. He chaired and initiated more than 50 iron riveted bridge projects. 

Evgeny Paton (1870-1953) He was a pioneer researcher of welding technology as well implementation of welding in industry, design and production of the assembly-welding lines. He chaired and headed more than 100 welded bridge projects included an all welded bridge over the Dnieper (Kiev) that is one of the biggest bridges in the world and known as Paton’s Bridges.  In 1934 for the first time in history he founded specialized Research Electric Welding Institute.

Scientist in metallurgy and metal technology. Borys Paton (born in 1918) Scientist in metallurgy and metal technology. His researches deal with processes of automatic and semi-automatic welding. He is also working on design of welding robots and new metallurgical processes. 

Borys Paton (born in 1918) He is the Hero of Ukraine, the President of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (since 1962), an honorary member of Rome Club, an author of more than 1000 articles, 20 monographs included; and more than 400 inventions.

Vladimir Vernadsky (1863-1945)  Outstanding scientist of XX century, founder of many scientific schools.

Vladimir Vernadsky (1863-1945)  One of the representatives of Russian cosmism (noosphere theory). He is considered to be a founder of biogeochemistry who made a great contribution to geochemistry; published more than 700 scientific works. Subglacial mountains in East Antarctica, avenues in Moscow and Simferopol, boulevard in Kiev, National library of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine, the Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine and Ukrainian Antarctic station were named after his name.

Victor Glushkov (1923-1982) Outstanding Soviet scientist, Member of Soviet Academy of Sciences, one of the founders of Cybernetics. In 1966 he headed the first PC “MIR-1” invention (engineer computations machine). Glushkov was an initiator and main ideologist of development and design of the Statewide Automated System or Data Collection and Processing (OGAS) designed to automate the management of the state economy. 

Victor Glushkov (1923-1982) He established a theory of Distributed DataBase Management System (DDBMS).  He founded a Chair of Theoretical Cybernetics at Kiev state university and a Chair at the Institute of Cybernetics of National Academy of Science of Ukraine (the latter is named after his name). In 1996 IEEE Computer Society (The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) awarded “Computer Pioneer” medal to V.Glushkov.

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