The Renaissance Introduction Re + naissance Renaissance is a French word. The root, “naissance” means “a birth, an origination as that of an idea, or a movement.” Based on the definition of naissance and the prefix “re” what do you think Renaissance means?

What do you remember about the feudal system, the Black Death, manorialism, and the Middle Ages in general? THE MIDDLE AGES (476 CE- 1400s) Manorialism Feudal System The Black Death

How could Europe have changed so much? THE MIDDLE AGES (476 CE- 1400s) THE RENAISSANCE(1300s- 1600s) The Feudal System held many people from social advancement. Artistic and scientific achievement flourished throughout Europe. People were isolated in their kingdoms. The manor was the center of economic life. Merchants gained more wealth and power as trade expanded within Europe and with the Ottoman Empire The Black Death helped to destroy feudalism. By shrinking the labor force, a group of skilled artisans was created that produced luxury goods and machinery. These people helped fuel the Renaissance. The Black Death killed off ⅓ of all Europeans.

What was the Renaissance? The Renaissance, “rebirth” in French, was a cultural movement, based on classical Greek, Roman and Biblical ideas, that began in Italy in around 1300 and later spread throughout Europe.  The Renaissance marked the end of the Middle Ages, but they overlap. Depending on where in Europe a person was, the Renaissance “arrived” at a different time. Timeline of Western Europe Rome (27 BCE- 476 CE) Middle Ages (476 CE- 1400s) Renaissance (1300s- 1600s)

Timeline of Western Europe After the fall of the Roman Empire, during the Middle Ages, Western Europe lacked political unity. There was little trade outside of the manor. All of the wealth was held by nobles, and war and disease prevented growth.    Europe in the mid-1300s The manor was the center of economic life. The Feudal System held many people from social advancement. The Black Death killed off ⅓ of all Europeans. Timeline of Western Europe Rome (27 BCE- 476 CE) Middle Ages (476 CE- 1400s) Renaissance (1300s- 1600s)

Timeline of Western Europe The Crusades which took place during the Middle Ages, though destructive, connected Europeans with Islamic traders in the Middle East who had access to trade networks in Asia. Western European interest in the rest of the world grew.   Timeline of Western Europe Rome (27 BCE- 476 CE) Middle Ages (476 CE- 1400s) Renaissance (1300s- 1600s) Sources: Source: http://miwilliamsesl.pbworks.com/f/1216579782/crusade_map.png Source: Philippe Beaujard in “The Indian Ocean in Eurasian and African World-Systems before the Sixteenth Century,” Journal of World History (adapted) from the NYS Global History and Geography Regents Examination, August 2012

Timeline of Western Europe Italy was the connection between Western Europe and Islamic Empires in the Middle East. After the Crusades, Italian cities like Venice made strong trade connections with Ottoman Empire. Timeline of Western Europe Rome (27 BCE- 476 CE) Middle Ages (476 CE- 1400s) Renaissance (1300s- 1600s) Map source: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Late_Medieval_Trade_Routes.jpg

Timeline of Western Europe When the Black Death swept through Italy it killed off a lot of the nobles. Merchants replaced the nobles as the wealthy people in Italy. The nobles held wealth in land, but the merchants made money through trade. Nobles Wealthy because of the land they owned. Very powerful in Italy in the Middle Ages Merchants Wealthy because of trade. Gained power in Italy during the Renaissance. Timeline of Western Europe Rome (27 BCE- 476 CE) Middle Ages (476 CE- 1400s) Renaissance (1300s- 1600s)

Timeline of Western Europe Wealthy merchants, like the Medici family, turned their interest to beautifying cities like Florence. They funded artists, architects, and scientists to study Greek and Roman buildings and texts, then to build new Italian achievements. Without money from trade the achievements of the Renaissance would not have been created.     The Medici The Medici family gained their wealth from the Medici Bank which financed merchants in Italy. Eventually the family came to rule Florence. They funded works of art throughout the city and became influential when family members became Pope (4 of them) and they married into royal families throughout Europe.  Medici $$$ Funded Battle of the Centaurs, Michelangelo The Cathedral of Florence, Santa Maria del Fiore Timeline of Western Europe Rome (27 BCE- 476 CE) Middle Ages (476 CE- 1400s) Renaissance (1300s- 1600s) David, Donatello

What was the Renaissance? The Renaissance, “rebirth” in French, was a cultural movement, based on classical Greek and Roman ideas, that began in Italy in around 1300 and later spread throughout Europe. Classical Art and Architecture Renaissance Art and Architecture Roman Pantheon 126AD, Temple of Vesta, Rome 205AD, Poseidan or Zeus 460 BCE Michelangelo’s David 1500’s Temple of St. Peter, Rome 1502, Dome of Florence Cathedral 1400’s What similarities do you notice?

Timeline of Western Europe Over the course of the 14th, 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries, the wealth and cultural trends in Italy spread throughout Europe inspiring achievements in the arts and science in the Netherlands, England, France, and elsewhere, bringing Europe out of the “Dark Ages” and into the Modern Era.  This slow progression from Italy to the rest of Europe is why the dates of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance overlap. Depending on where in Europe a person was, the Renaissance “arrived” at a different time. Timeline of Western Europe Rome (27 BCE- 476 CE) Middle Ages (476 CE- 1400s) Renaissance (1300s- 1600s) map source: http://www.museeprotestant.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/0000000004L.jpg

What was the Renaissance? The Renaissance was a golden age during which learning flourished leading to innovation in the visual arts, engineering, architecture, and literature.   What conditions need to exist for there to be a golden age? Wealth – artists and innovators need to have time and resources to produce/discover so wealthy people or the government needs to provide $$$$ to fund these projects Stable Government – artists can’t make art if they’re fighting war; hard to protect paintings/writings/etc from invading armies Ideas to build on – Most artistic and scientific achievements are based on previous ideas; artists/scientists need access  to these ideas  Timeline of Western Europe Rome (27 BCE- 476 CE) Middle Ages (476 CE- 1400s) Renaissance (1300s- 1600s)