DNA and RNA.

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Presentation transcript:

DNA and RNA

DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid Genetic code of life Located inside the nucleus NEVER leaves the nucleus Double Stranded Shape of DNA is a double helix Made of nucleotides

Structure of DNA Contains: Phosphate Sugar Nitrogen Base

Structure of DNA Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine Deoxyribose

DNA Base Pairing Rules Adenine pairs with Thymine A T Guanine pairs with Cytosine G C

DNA Song We love DNA Made of nucleotides Sugar, phosphate, and a base Bonded down one side Adenine and thymine Make a lovely pair Cytosine without guanine Would feel very bare D, D, DNA Different set of genes Look inside the nucleus For instructions to make proteins It’s the code of life And the genetic makeup of All you have inside

DNA Base “Round Up” Find a match for the DNA base you were given Remember your DNA base pairing rules

“Round Up Yourself” What does each DNA base pair with? G __________________________ T ___________________________ C ___________________________ G ___________________________ A ____________________________

Each base pair is connected by a hydrogen bond Backbone has covalent bonds

RNA Ribonucleic Acid Makes a copy of the code of life (DNA) Located outside the nucleus Single stranded 3 Types of RNA: Messenger, Transfer, Ribosomal Made of nucleotides

Structure of RNA Adenine URACIL Guanine Cytosine RIBOSE DNA does not have Uracil

RNA Base Pairing Rules Adenine pairs with Uracil A U Guanine pairs with Cytosine G C

RNA Base “Round Up” Find a match for the RNA base you were given Remember your RNA base pairing rules

“Round Up Yourself” What does each RNA base pair with? G __________________________ A ___________________________ C ___________________________ U ___________________________ A ____________________________

3 Types of RNA Messenger RNA (mRNA) – carries genetic information from nucleus to cytoplasm Transfer RNA (tRNA) – carries amino acids from cytoplasm to ribosomes Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) – consists of RNA nucleotides in globular form

DNA vs. RNA DNA RNA Sugar Deoxyribose Ribose Nitrogen Base Thymine Uracil Structure Double Stranded Single Stranded

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