Police Derived from the word politia Originated form the Greek word politeia which means government, citizenship or the entire activity of the polis-city Means the internal organization of a community or state through the exercise of the constitutional power of the government. The power of the government which concerns with the maintenance of tranquility, public order, peace, security, of persons and property, and the protection of public health and morale.

Refers to exclusively that body of armed men which as an institution, is capable of exercising its duties by armed physical forces in the prevention and detection of crime and execution of laws.

Early history Headman Male of the tribes as guardians Able-bodied men Watchmen Chief of the tribe Ruler Judge Lawmaker

Development of town and city governments called for the creation and organization of a special body of men with no other duty than the enforcement of the laws within the city or town units. Distinction from army function

Spanish Colonization Policemen in appearance but colonial soldiers in the ultimate sense Maintenance of peace and order as part of military system for the defense of the colony Locally organized police force, although performing civil duties and seemingly created for the sole purpose of maintaining internal peace were in fact potential soldiers in the guise and garb of policemen

Carabineros de Seguridad Publica Organized in 1712 Purpose of carrying out the regulations of the department of State 1781- became custodians of tobacco monopoly By Royal Decree of December 20, 1842 Cuerpo De Carabineros de Seguridad Publica Duties became police-like and more general Prosecution of law breakers and criminals, maintenance of peace, order and security Vigilance of the execution of law and ordinance of government

Guardilleros Rural Police Established by Royal Decree of January 8, 1836 5% of able-bodied male inhabitants of each province were to enlist in the police organization for 3 years tour of duty Province generally maintained up to 80 Depending on local man power and probability and proximity of danger arising from Moro pirates

Maintain public security and order in town To patrol To guard dark and unsafe places To guard the Tribunal or Municipal building and prison houses To conduct prisoners To carry mails Other duties

Guardia Civil Policeman in appearance but colonial soldiers in the ultimate sense Created by Royal Decree issued by the crown on February 12, 1852 To partially relieve the Spanish Peninsula Troops of their work in policing towns Consisted of a body of Filipino policemen organized originally in each Provincial Capitals of the Central Province of Luzon under the Governor or Alacalde Semi-military institution armed as the Spanish Infantry

American Colonization Transfer of government control from military to civil authorities

Insular Police Force Recommended by the Commission on November 20, 1900 Act No. 175 on July 18, 1901 entitled “An Act Providing for the Organization and Government of an Insular Constabulary” Philippine Constabulary Section 1 under Act no. 225 on October 2, 1901 National police institution for preserving the peace, keeping order and enforcing the law

Reformation and Professionalization September 8, 1966 RA 4864 Police Act of 1966 Act served as the legal guidepost in initiating and undertaking, at national level, much needed reforms that resulted to a considerable improvement in police performance and efficiency National Police Commission (NAPOLCOM)‏

Integrated National Police (INP)‏ During Martial Law Regime, Section 12, Article XV of 1973 Constitution provides that the state shall establish and maintain an Integrated National Police whose organization, administration and operation shall be provided by law

Organizational Set-Up Mandated under Section 1 Presidential Decree 765 dated August 8, 1975 state that, “There is hereby established and constituted the Integrated National Police which shall be composed of the Philippine Constabulary (PC) as the nucleus, and the integrated police forces as established by PD 421, 531, 482,585, and 641 as components under the Department of National Defense.”

Integrated National Police (INP)‏ Philippine Constabulary (PC) as the nucleus Integrated Police Forces as components Under the Department of National Defense

Major branch of service of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP)‏ Director General Head of INP Chief of PC Major branch of service of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP)‏

National Police Commission Training of policemen Establishment of the police integrated communication system Grant of police salary subsidy

Police Activities Prevention of criminality Repression of crime Apprehending offenders Recovery of stolen property Regulation of non-criminal conduct Performance of related miscellaneous service