The Greek Polis: Sparta and Athens

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Presentation transcript:

The Greek Polis: Sparta and Athens

The Greek Polis: What is a Polis? POLIS a Greek city-state. *What is a city-state?* ACROPOLIS a citadel on top of a hill. AGORA town marketplace. What purpose did the acropolis serve?

Sparta SPARTA a polis in southern Greece with the strongest army of any Greek city-state.

Spartan Government ARISTOCRATS nobles. OLIGARCHY a government where aristocrats rule

Spartan Social Classes Spartans were too concerned with war to be bothered by farming and trading. The Spartans owned slaves called HELOTS. farmed the land were treated poorly outnumbered Spartans 20 times! Trading was done by merchants called PERIOECI. were not citizens of Sparta

Spartan Art Statue honoring King Leonidas from the Persian War. Statue of a Spartan girl playing sports.

The Spartan Way of Life Spartan Women: Spartan Men: Had more freedom than other Greek women played sports were educated taught to fight and hunt Spartan Men: were raised to join the military married when they were 20 couldn’t leave the army until 60 Spartans were so focused on being strong that they inspected babies – if the baby was unhealthy it was left to die.

Athens ATHENS a polis in southern Greece known for it’s government.

The Parthenon

Athenian Government DEMOCRACY a government where all citizens can vote. CONSTITUTION, set of laws/rules for government to follow.

The Assembly and Council of 500 Assembly (like our congress) All men vote at age of 18 pass laws Council of 500 500 men chosen make decisions about daily life A member served for 2 years could not be elected more than twice.

Persia Orange = Persia Green = Greece PERSIA was the biggest empire in the world and tried to conquer Greece. The Persian Wars are wars between Greece and Persia that lasted from 490 to 480 B.C.

The Delian League Pericles was the general of the Athenian navy and ruled over Athens for 30 years. Delian League, a group of city-states that worked together as allies. Athens was the head of the league This group was meant to protect Greece from Persian in the future.

The Fall of Athens PELOPONNESIAN WAR a war between Athens and Sparta Other cities became jealous of Athens's power (Sparta especially!) PELOPONNESIAN WAR a war between Athens and Sparta Lasted 30 years – Sparta won! Athens was left in ruins MERCENARIES hired soldiers After the war many Greek men became mercenaries for Persia.

The Fall of Greece Greece was eventually invaded and taken over by Philip II of Macedonia in 338 B.C.E. After Sparta defeated Athens they ruled over Greece. Harsh rulers (people didn’t like them!) Lead to wars between cities