Genetic Material - DNA and RNA

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Presentation transcript:

Genetic Material - DNA and RNA Structure of Nucleotides Functions of Nucleic Acids Humans vs. Chimps DNA vs. RNA Nitrogenous bases DNA Facts Genes DNA Hierarchy

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DNA and RNA = _________ Which is this?

DNA Introduction - See how videos are embedded directly into your slides

Nucleic Acid Structure of a nucleotide: A sugar …................... A nitrogenous base ___________

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Function DNA: ___________ Encoded in the structure of the DNA is the information that programs all the cell’s activities RNA: ……………………. ________

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What is the difference between human DNA and chimps __________  Picture Removed …………………. Some are closer than others!!!!

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Structure DNA Recall DNA: 2 long strands of nucleotide strands wound together to form a double helix ___________ What does this mean? ………………….

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DNA Con’t Base Pairs 4 Nitrogenous bases ___________

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RNA Con’t ……………. Adenine (A) ___________ Cytosine (C)

Nucleic Acid Base Pairs DNA nucleotides always pair as follows: ___________ …………..

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Nitrogenous Bases …………………. ___________

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_____________________________________of one nucleotide and hydroxyl group of carbon 3 on sugar - ………………….

RNA Although RNA is single stranded, ___________ When copying the DNA is ………………….

Our DNA A DNA strand is wrapped around special proteins called histones to form a complex we call a chromosome Our DNA is packaged onto 23 pairs of chromosomes (23 X 2 = 46 total) The chromosomes are grouped as either autosomal or sex chromosomes ___________

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DNA Facts The human genome …………………. There are …………………. The order of the nucleotide bases contains the instructions for making an organism. Every three bases codes for an amino acid. The total number of human genes is estimated to be between 20,000 – 25,000 …………………. Less than 2% of the genome codes for proteins.

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Genes ___________

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Genes A gene can be defined as a region of DNA that controls a hereditary characteristic. Genes can be as short as 1000 base pairs or as long as several hundred thousand base pairs. ___________ More genes doesn’t mean more complex

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