Unravelling Mobile Communications to Society 6 October 2015 By: Ludwig Heinrich Tjitandi Transmission Manager LTjitandi@mtc.com.na +264813067999

INTRODUCTION The topic will look at the services being provided and how society is utilizing those services plus a clear identification of the different needs that exist in our country. We will look at the Mobile Communications and what is available offered. Mobile Communications planning and the process involve most importantly the system available and how they operate and what difference they can bring if use to the end users advantages. The use of broadband in Namibia is it to the interest of the country or more for social gains how we can improve and better that to help address the problems society might have. How can we address the rural areas so we can improve and achieve a well-covered population and one that uses the services to advance its standard of leaving thus helping all.

BACKGROUND Actual mobile systems work in DIGITAL mode – voice is sampled, digitalized and transmitted in a digital format (bits) after reception is synthetized. The progresses of microelectronics conducted to the size of the terminals we have today. The advantages of digital systems also conducted to considerable terminal price reductions, diversification of services, increase in the number of users and obviously a better quality on voice communications. Nevertheless the transport is air and quality issues may exist.

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WHAT IS BEING PROVIDED? SMS applications: people are sending requests by text-messages to a specific phone number, and get the result with a new text-message they receive. Easy to use, cheap & Low network requirement Voice applications: people are calling a specific phone number on which is connected a voice platform and with either voice or keypad inputs, they can have the information they are looking for. Phone applications: people have a smart phone and a data-service plan which connect them to the Internet and allow them to browse the Web.

KEY ELEMENTS All in <1s! PSTN / www.com.na PSTN or The Internet MSC Base station Master Switching Centre Handset PSTN or The Internet All in <1s! MSC Backhaul Connection to another Public Switched Telephone Networks which allows phoning another operator’s network or browsing or downloading from the World Wide Web The MSC connects the mobile network to other operators for phone calls and the wider internet for data. Backhaul connects base stations to the core network, using fixed connection or wireless microwave links. Base stations provide the wireless connections to handsets. Handsets communicate with base stations using specified radio frequencies.

FUNDAMENTAL INGREDIENTS High Bandwidth to Connect to the Internet International Bandwidth Fiber Backbone Fiber Backhaul / IP Microwave Radio LTE LTE Core (EPC)

FREQUENCY: COVERAGE & CAPACITY <700MHz 850MHz 900MHz 1800MHz Cell radius 2100MHz Large/Low Large/Low Network Capacity Coverage Small/High Small/High In general, a network that uses higher-frequency spectrum requires more base stations to cover the same area as a network using lower frequencies.

COVERAGE COMPARISON Uplink Coverage@256Kbps Downlink Coverage@1Mbps By using LTE technology, in the range that user can have 256Kbps throughput in uplink, different frequency have different cell radius. For instance, in rural scenario with 1800M LTE, user can reach 256kbps in uplink in the 4.89 km. The same to downlink. Why the downlink coverage is wider than uplink? The most important factor is output power, uplink is transmitted by terminal(Mobile). Downlink is by BTS.

Urban Mobile Communications Social Media Entertainment Online Shopping Mobile Money Telecommunication Technology make everything in your hand

Rural Mobile Communications Online Learning People in Rural are eager to be connected with the outside world Technology make it easy for children in rural to get education resource

DIFFERENT OPPORTUINITIES Mobile services works everywhere and we need local content and proper usage by others….Service providers alone cannot address the issue of ICT

CONCLUSION Site Sharing – Site sharing helps with equaling the playing field technically between service providers it does not address new services. Universal Fund – Is the only key to boosting rural coverage but the approach should be clear: Identify the areas & what they need Cost involve to address Target plan as to when & by who it will be address Internet usage – We cannot turn a blind eye on the fact that internet is use for social gain by the majority hence we need to change that usage pattern towards education and upliftment of the Namibian Nation. This will only be possible if other type of content is avail and we all become digital. GRN control of certain websites Institutions coming on board with local Content Imports of ICT devices should be looked at sometimes flooding the market with the right stuff drops the price and also increase knowledge We cannot wait for all schools to be equal with ICT Infrastructure before e-Learning can take place it should start some courses can start…life skills,& science subjects GRN institutions should have updated websites with basic forms being electronic , we should reduce paper work where possible….

Q & A Its our country it’s our people jointly we should provide services to the Namibian Nation.