The Respiratory System Chapter 4

Function: The system of the body that deals with breathing The body takes in the oxygen that it needs and removes the carbon dioxide that it doesn’t

Parts of the System Nasal Passage way Trachea Lungs Diaphragm Nose, Pharynx, and larynx Trachea splits into bronchi bronchioles Lungs Bronchioles Alveoli Diaphragm

Air Pathway Nose Main passageway Protects and Heats the air Pharynx Throat Food and Air pass through this Larynx Voice box

Air Pathway Trachea (windpipe): Rings of cartilage Mucus: traps foreign particles Cilia: hair-like structures that move the particles out

Air Pathway Bronchi Two branches Carry oxygen to each lung Bronchioles Many smaller tubes (<1mm diameter)

Air Pathway Alveoli surrounded by capillaries Grapelike structures Blood travels single file Grapelike structures Where gas exchange occurs Average adult's lungs contain about 600 million

The Diaphragm The muscle that controls the breathing process.

Breathing Inhale Exhale Diaphragm muscle contracts Moves down Rib muscles contract to pull ribs up and out Forces air (02) in Once in the lungs cellular respiration occurs Diaphragm muscle relaxes Rib muscles relax Air (CO2) forced out

Respiratory Disorders Asthma Bronchioles narrow Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Serious form of pneumonia Emphysema Alveoli have been damages Lack of oxygen Lung Cancer

Smokers lungs Stuff in cigarettes

Average Lung Capacity Compare your results from the bubble lab 8th Grade Female 3.50 Liters 8th Grade Male 3.60 Liters