Cardiovascular Physiology.

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Presentation transcript:

Cardiovascular Physiology

قوانين كلاس بعد از ورود بنده به كلاس هيچ دانشجويي وارد كلاس نشود در غير اينصورت نمره منفي به وي تعلق خواهد گرفت. غيبت غير موجه حتي يك جلسه به منزله حذف درس خواهد بود. موبايل خود را قبل از ورود به كلاس خاموش نماييد. بازي با موبايل در كلاس به معناي حذف درس خواهد بود. مطالعه دروس ديگر در اين كلاس نيز منجر به حذف اين درس خواهد شد. حرف زدن با كنار دستي خود ممنوع مي باشد. هر جلسه از مطالب جلسات قبل سوال پرسيده خواهد شد. فقط يك امتحام ميان ترم در زمان تعيين شده توسط آموزش برگزار خواهد شد. هيچ كلاسي بدون هماهنگي آموزش تعطيل يا برگزار نخواهد شد. معرفي واسطه در كمك به نمره امتحاني منجر به كاهش 2 نمره اي به ازاء هر معرف خواهد شد. روش تماس با بنده از طريق ايميل ned1382@gmail.comو اس ام اس گير 09134502789 خواهد بود.

Cardiovascular physiology Presented by Mansour Esmaili Assistant Professor of physiology

References Textbook of Medical Physiology 2011. Guyton Review of Medical Physiology, 2010. Ganong Principles of Physiology 2010. Berne and Levy Main

Introduction and Cardiac Electrical Activity Session 1 Introduction and Cardiac Electrical Activity Berne and levy Chapter 16 (p 292-302) Guyton Chapter 9 (p 101-103)

Introduction to physiology

Introduction to physiology High pressure system (100 mmHg) Low pressure System (10 mmHg) Lymphatic Circulation is associated with both ones

Electrical activity of heart

Electrical activity of heart Physiologic Anatomy of Cardiac Muscle

Electrical activity of heart Heart is composed of two syncytiums: Atrial syncytium Ventricular syncytium

Electrical activity of heart Membrane potentials caused by ion diffusion Na Ca -90 mv Cl Electrical Gradient Chemical Gradient K

Nernst Equation Electrical activity of heart Electrical Force Chemical Force Equilibrium Potential (mV) Intracellular Concentrations (mM) Extracellular Concentrations (mM) Ion +61 10 145 Na -94 135 4 K +132 0.0001 2 Ca -70 5 110 Cl

Electrical activity of heart

Electrical activity of heart Refractory periods

Electrical activity of heart In 1855, Kolliker and Muller reported that when they placed the nerve of an innervated skeletal muscle in contact with the surface of a beating frog's heart, the skeletal muscle twitched with each cardiac contraction.

Electrical activity of heart K Fast Response Ca Na K K K

Diltiazem, a Ca++channel antagonist Electrical activity of heart Diltiazem, a Ca++channel antagonist

Electrical activity of heart Slow Response K Ca K

Electrical activity of heart Fast response to slow response Myocardial ischemia Cardiac arrest

Electrical activity of heart Mechanical Activity No tetanus

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