Tips for becoming a good cyber citizen Social, Ethical and Human Issues in Technology

Cyber Ethics Copyright Plagiarism

What is copyright? Copyright is a form of protection provided by the laws of the United States (title 17, U. S. Code) to the authors of “original works of authorship,” to include Literary works (which includes computer software) musical works, including any accompanying words dramatic works, including any accompanying music pantomimes and choreographic works pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works motion pictures and other audiovisual works sound recordings architectural works. Information taken from http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ1.pdf

So what does this mean? In general, it is illegal for anyone to do any of the following things without permission from the author make copies of the work distribute copies of the work perform the work publicly (such as for plays, film, dances or music) Display the work publicly (such as for artwork, or stills from audiovisual works, or any material used on the Internet or television) make “derivative works” (including making modifications, adaptations or other new uses of a work, or translating the work to another media). Information taken from http://www.copyrightkids.org/cbasicsframes.htm

What is “fair use”? "Fair use" is the right of the public to make reasonable use of copyrighted material in special circumstances without the copyright owner's permission

Licensing A license allows the creator of a work (one who owns the copyright) to make money by charging a user for use of a product (i.e., software, audio/video files) The license agreement gives the user of the software or video file permission to use the product within the limits set by the owner of the work Limits usually include the number of computers that can use a particular software at one time, or number of copies of software distributed, or the number of users at one time. License agreement can also include technical support for purchaser

Plagiarism According to the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, to "plagiarize" means to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own to use (another's production) without crediting the source to commit literary theft to present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source. In other words, plagiarism is an act of fraud. It involves both stealing someone else's work and lying about it afterward. Information taken from www.plagiarism.org

Examples of Plagiarism All of the following are considered plagiarism: turning in someone else's work as your own copying words or ideas from someone else without giving credit failing to put a quotation in quotation marks giving incorrect information about the source of a quotation changing words but copying the sentence structure of a source without giving credit copying so many words or ideas from a source that it makes up the majority of your work, whether you give credit or not. Information taken from www.plagiarism.org

How to avoid plagiarism Cite your sources What does it mean to cite a source? Acknowledging that certain information has been borrowed Providing your audience (usually your teacher) with enough information necessary to find that source. Information taken from www.plagiarism.org How to avoid plagiarism

How do I know when to cite a source? Whenever you borrow words or ideas, you need to acknowledge their source. The following situations almost always require citation: whenever you use quotes whenever you paraphrase Information taken from www.plagiarism.org

How do I know when to cite a source? Whenever you borrow words or ideas, you need to acknowledge their source. The following situations almost always require citation: whenever you use an idea that someone else has already expressed whenever you make specific reference to the work of another whenever someone else's work has been critical in developing your own ideas.

What format do I use when citing a source? At CHS your English teacher will expect you to use MLA format A good website to use to help you learn who to cite sources is Purdue University's Online Writing Lab (OWL) Information taken from http://owl.english.purdue.edu/

Digital footprint Social media

Social media 90% of Young Adults use social media (Pew) Snapchat is the most used social media platform for teens (Adweek) 80% teens use snapchat at least once a month (adweek) 79% teens use Instagram at least one a month (adweek) 50% teens use twitter at least once a month (adweek)

Social media 52% teens use Facebook once a month (adweek) (60% of 18 year olds use Facebook once a month (Adweek) Median number of Facebook friends ages 14-17 is 350 (Pew) 33% of teens have Facebook friends they have never met (pew)

Social media favorites According to Adweek, Teens report the following social media sites as their favorites: 35% Snapchat 24% Instagram 13% Facebook & Twitter

Do you have a good online Reputation? Social Media Do you have a good online Reputation?

Social media: Think Before You post Only post information that you are comfortable with others seeing Use the Grandmother Rule Use privacy settings on social networking sites that restrict access to who can post on your site Keep personal information about yourself private Information taken from www.onguardonline.gov

Social media: Think before you post Remove tags & turn off location settings Deleting is not so easy Only friend people you know Do not give out personal information about where you live, your family members or your whereabouts to those you do not know Information taken from www.onguardonline.gov

Social Media: Think before you post

Social media: online image Employers (45%), college admissions officers (40 %), coaches and teachers may view your postings Reasons why employers/Colleges view Social pages Learn more about applicant Verify information Investigate reports of inappropriate behavior

Social media: online image One third of employers/colleges who look at applicants social media sites find information that hurts the applicant Many also find details such as leadership roles or community service activity that reflects positively on the applicant

Social Media: online image Ways to improve your image Use a screen name that gives a positive impression Susan Smith instead of “bigbootyblonde” Check privacy settings Know who can look you up & what they can see Choose options for tagging

Social media: online image Google Yourself (Do you like what you see?) Eliminate people from feed who make you look bad Update your online photos Delete pictures/videos that show you in a negative light Untag yourself in any photos that are questionable

Social Media: use to your advantage Ways Social media can help you Join professional networks (i.e., Linkedin) to show that you’re serious about your future Participate in online groups related to colleges that interest you (follow on Facebook & twitter; create ZeeMee account) Keep it positive Post successes on your social media sites (pictures of community service, videos of performances, links to articles) Make positive comments to others’ posts

Personal Information Computer Software Cyber Security Personal Information Computer Software

Personal Information To protect your identity Don’t share personal information unless you know how it will be used and protected Don’t reply or click on links in any email asking for your personal information

Personal Information Protect your passwords Keep them in a secure place Do not share them Know who you’re dealing with Look for a seller’s physical address & phone number Read fine print before downloading free software (some download come with spyware)

Computer Software Update anti-virus and anti spyware software regularly (many update automatically) Anti-virus software should remove or quarantine viruses anti spyware can undo changes spyware makes on your computer Make sure firewall is on & set up properly Back up important files

What does your digital footprint say about you?