CT, Nerve, and Tissue Repair/Aging etc. This is not all inclusive!! Refer to your notes and tissue coloring packet!!

Format 8 MC 3 Lost Sheet 9 Matching Tissue Identifications and Labeling Choice of Short Answer (2 to choose from) Point value= TBD

Connective Tissue Originate from embryonic tissue called mesenchyme Most diverse and abundant type of tissue Function: to protect, support and bind together other tissues Bones, ligaments, tendons Areolar cushions; adipose insulates and is food source Blood cells replenished; body tissues repaired Cells separated from one another by large amount of nonliving extracellular matrix

Extracellular Matrix explained Nonliving material between cells Produced by the cells and then extruded Responsible for the strength Two components Ground substance Of fluid, adhesion proteins, proteoglycans Liquid, semisolid, gel-like or very hard Fibers: collagen, elastic or reticular

Basic functions of connective tissue reviewed Support and binding of other tissues Holding body fluids Defending the body against infection macrophages, plasma cells, mast cells, WBCs Storing nutrients as fat

Classes of Connective Tissue *

Classes of Connective Tissue *

Spongy bone Blood surrounds bone Squishy end of bone Under the cartilage cap (or articular cartilage)

Four basic types of tissue Epithelium Connective tissue Muscle tissue Nervous tissue Neurons Supporting cells

Tissue response to injury Immune: takes longer and is highly specific Inflammation Nonspecific, local, rapid Inflammatory chemicals Signs: heat, swelling, redness, pain Repair – two ways Regeneration Fibrosis and scarring Severe injuries Cardiac and nervous tissue

3 types of cells Labile Stable Permanent Cells that divide all throughout your life Ex: skin/ mucous membranes Repaired through regeneration Stable Cells that retain the ability to divide AFTER injury BUT do not divide regularly once growth has stopped Ex: Bone & Glands Completed through (mainly) regeneration, but some replacement Permanent Little or no ability to divide. If they are destroyed they are replaced by Connective Tissue (scar tissue!!) Ex: Nerve cells, Skeletal/Muscle Cells

Shrinkage/Death Atrophy Shrinkage of tissue through decrease in cell size or number Normal Aging (senile) Lack of Use (disuse) Necrosis Premature pathological death of tissue due to trauma/ infection/toxin Gangrene – necrosis due to insufficient blood supply Infarction – sudden tissue death (ie. Heart Muscle) Apoptosis Programmed cell death (normal!) Cells are quickly phagocytized by WBC No inflammation In embryo – webbing between fingers/toes Shrinkage of uterus after pregnancy