Agenda 3.25.10

Quiz… What did France do when Germany ran out of $ for reparation payments? What was the Dawes Plan? What was the Kellogg-Briand Pact? List three causes of the Great Depression. How did the US response to the Depression negatively affect other countries? John Maynard Keynes believed that unemployment was caused by what? Give one example of how FDR’s New Deal helped Americans during the Great Depression.

Quiz… Occupied Ruhr Valley and controlled mining operations Big US loan to Germany Renounced war as a form of national policy Uneven distribution of wealth, overproduction of agriculture, people defaulting on loans Imposed tariffs that deterred other countries from trading with the US Lack of demand Social security, unemployment insurance, old age pensions, welfare, works progress administration

Homework – Read pages 563 – 565, New Era in the USSR Homework – Read pages 563 – 565, New Era in the USSR. Outline everything on ONE PAGE. Stop at one page no matter what.

17.2 - The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes Fascism = strong loyalty to the state and obedience to its leader. Fascists promised to fix the economy, punish those responsible for hard times and restore national pride. Liked strong/harsh dictators Communists Fascists Internationalists Want classless society Put state ahead of individual Nationalists Like rich and poor put state ahead of individual

Fascist Headquarters in Rome…Mussolini’s face

Benito Mussolini Comes to power in Italy Italians were mad that they didn’t get more land after WWI Mussolini took action. Promised to revive economy and publically criticized Italy’s government Eventually 30,000 fascists marched on Rome, and King Victor Emmanuel II gave his power over to Mussolini

Fascist March on Rome

Benito Mussolini

Mussolini = “Il Duce” Il Duce = “The Leader” Abolished democracy and jailed anyone who didn’t support him Used secret police (OVRA) and censored the media to only promote fascist ideas Used propaganda Outlawed strikes

Benito Mussolini & Adolf Hitler Complete Wackos

Hitler and Nazi Germany Born in Austria, 1889 Joined the National Socialist German Workers Party in 1920 (NAZI for short) Believed that the Treaty of Versailles was unfair and that Communism was dangerous Sent to jail after trying to seize power from Weimar Republic. While in jail, wrote Mein Kampf (My Struggle) German nationalism Anti-Semitism Anti-communism

Hitler’s Views Wanted more “lebensraum” (living space) for Germans Blonde and blue-eyed people = superior and members of the Aryan race Hitler was ignored until the Americans stopped giving Germany $ and the German economy collapsed 30% of the German workforce unemployed by 1932. Desperate people looked to Hitler for help.

Hitler slowly deprived Jews of all of their rights

Hitler was appointed to “chancellor” of Germany legally Convinced everyone to give him dictatorial control for four years Turned Germany into a totalitarian state SS = protection squad developed solely to protect Hitler, directed by Heinrich Himmler Gestapo = Hitler’s secret police Scared Germans into total obedience Did manage to fix the economy

Members of the German Gestapo arrested and im- prisoned after WWII

Bonfire of Anti-German Books

The Fuhrer is Supreme Hitler wanted control over everything Used propaganda; controlled press, radio, literature, film and paintings to promote Nazism Greatly influenced by Social Darwinism By the early 1930s, Hitler had convinced most of the German population that Jews were responsible for all of the country’s problems