Bell Ringer Analyze the political cartoon Who is the central figure? Who are the people depicted at the bottom? Create a title for the political cartoon.

The Rise of Dictators Essential Question: What characteristics did the dictators of the 20th century have in common?

Totalitarian State Government which aims to control the political, economic, social, intellectual, and cultural lives of the people Freedoms < State

Fascism in Italy Benito Mussolini – aka Il Duce (the leader) Created Fascist party in Italy Fascism – Totalitarian government which emphasizes extreme nationalism Popular because of discontent with ToV and fear of communism

Fascism in Italy Fascist Control OVRA – Secret police force had the power to arrest anyone for any reason Massive propaganda campaign Youth groups – children taught national and militaristic values

Communism in the Soviet Union Joseph Stalin Succeeded V. Lenin Five-Year Plan - meant to quickly industrialize Russia Collectivization – system where private farms were eliminated and peasants instead worked on gov’t owned land Widespread resistance caused famine (10million dead)

Communism in the Soviet Union Stalin also used propaganda and secret police to enforce his policies The Great Purge Resisters were sent into forced labor camps in Siberia or executed

Militarism in Japan Hideki Tojo General -> Prime Minister Military dictatorship, had more power than the emperor Japan needed to conquer lands to acquire raw materials for their factories

Nazism in Germany Nazi – National Socialist German Worker’s Party Focused on extreme nationalism (anti- Semitism) and militarism Failed coup -> time in jail -> wrote Mein Kampf Blamed the Jews and Communists for Germany’s problems (ToV)

Nazism in Germany Appointed Chancellor in 1933 – Took complete control of gov’t Title of Fuhrer – Leader Schutzstaffeln (aka the SS) – guard squadrons that enforced Hitler’s policies through terror

Nazism in Germany Nazi Society Women – primary job of mother, limited what jobs they could have Hitler’s Youth – trained children to be loyal to the Nazi party and be strong soldiers in the future

Essential Question What characteristics did the dictators of the 20th century have in common?

Diary Entry Write a diary entry from the perspective of a citizen living in a totalitarian state. You should emphasize the conditions of that totalitarian state, especially methods of control. You may choose from: Nazi Germany Soviet Russia Fascist Italy At least one page in length.