Market-based Ancillary Service Provision by Demand Side Management M. H. Syed Institute for Energy and Environment University of Strathclyde Glasgow, Scotland

Ancillary Services Definition: Why? Ancillary services in the electricity supply sector are defined as services provided by grid operators in addition to the transmission and distribution of electrical energy. Why? To ensure secure operation of the power system.

Ancillary Services Categories Frequency Control Ancillary Service (FCAS) Normal Frequency Control Load Following/Regulation Contingency Spinning/Non-Spinning/Replacement Reserve Network Control Ancillary Service (NCAS) Voltage Support System Constraints Management System Restart Ancillary Service (SRAS) Black Start Support Island Operation Capability

Ancillary Service Provision by Demand Side Price Paid for Ancillary Services (Great Britain): August 2015 To encourage demand customers to participate in ancillary service provision, National Grid has approved 21 Demand Side Aggregators Ancillary Service Market Based Bilateral Agreements Mandatory Frequency Response - £2.78m Fast Response Reserve £0.82m £6.39m Short Term Operating Reserve £4.77m Frequency Control by Demand Management £10.28m Obligatory Reactive Power Service £6.56m Enhanced Reactive Power Service £0 Total £31.6m However, the Demand Side Aggregator has to pass a series of frequency response capability tests outlined by National Grid. The price paid for ancillary services provision by demand side has doubled in the past year. Source: Technical Guidance and Testing Procedure for Static and Dynamic Demand Response and Battery Storage Providers of Frequency Balancing Services, Available Online: http://www2.nationalgrid.com/UK/Services/Balancing-services/Frequency-response/Firm-Frequency-Response/FFR-Bridging/

Demand Side Management : No Longer “Just” Peak Shaving KW Peak Demand Load Rescheduling Shaved Peak Demand Time http://sectorreportsforturkey.wordpress.com/2012/03/19/144/

Real-Time Central Demand Response for Primary Frequency Regulation in Microgrids S. A. Pourmousavi and M. H. Nehrir, "Real-Time Central Demand Response for Primary Frequency Regulation in Microgrids," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol.3, no.4, pp.1988-1996, Dec. 2012.

GECN: Primary Voltage Control for Active Distribution Networks via Real-Time Demand-Response K. Christakou, D. C. Tomozei, J. Y. Le Boudec, and M. Paolone, "GECN: Primary Voltage Control for Active Distribution Networks via Real-Time Demand-Response," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol.5, no.2, pp.622-631, March 2014.

Fundamental Research Questions Interoperability Architecture Validation http://www.lanpark.eu/en/interoperability

Strathclyde-TNO Partnership Innovate Experimental Verification Standards Development http://www.dasconsultants.co.uk/Services.html

Summary Demand side management holds the potential to deliver time critical ancillary services to the grid. A co-development platform combining simulation and experimentation by means of Real-Time Hardware-in-the-Loop simulations is a step towards benchmarking.

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