Passive optical LAN for educational facilities Author/Presenter DD-MM-YYYY Public

Broadband benefits are driving positive changes for education On-demand, real time collaboration for faculty & students Remote & e-learning; enhanced support for research facilities Digital campus; multimedia exchanges with greater mobility Public

What is passive optical LAN? >100M users connected with fiber GPON OLT (access node) 1:n Passive splitter Optical fiber distribution 1st choice of operators, utilities, governments Optical fiber feeder IP Network GPON ONT (end-user modem) GPON is the fastest growing access technology worldwide GPON (ITU-T G.984) key facts Bandwidth per PON Downstream: 2.5Gb/s, upstream:1.2Gb/s Bandwidth per user 1Gbps Fiber infra Passive. Max Split 1:128. Reach: 20 km in one direction Services Data, voice, video, WiFi backhaul Evolution Graceful migration to XGS-PON (10G) & TWDM-PON (up to 40G) There are >100M users worldwide, across all GPON vendors GPON is the fastest growing technology in terms of subscriber additions (Del’Oro analyst report, 2014) Operating in over 130 countries, Alcatel-Lucent has shipped over 18M GPON ports in over 180 fiber projects worldwide and is the only telecom vendor with an industry leading position in all regions of the world. We are recognized as the leading broadband vendor by prominent industry analysts like Gartner, Infonetics Research, Current Analysis and Broadband Trends. The key technical points – one central office OLT (Optical Line Termination) unit, ONTs (Optical Network Termination) at the end user location There is Single mode fiber that connects the two together, through a network of passive splitters to distribute the fiber. So between these two end points, the network is entirely passive – no need for power, no need for special housing facilities for equipment (Splitters can be installed anywhere, on a wall, ceiling, in a riser, …) There is no need for special cooling/air-con for the splitters and ONT. Same simple distribution topology in POL – Central office, splitters, fiber drops to ONTs, for a few floors, a whole building, an entire 40 km campus Typical split for commercial/business users is 1:32 and for residences 1:64 Public

Traditional LAN vs. passive optical LAN Fiber Passive splitters POL OLT Less equipment = less floor space Passive network = less power consumption, less HVAC Simpler network = easier maintenance Less cables = reduction in cable cost, load & maintenance Cost-efficient upgrades = same fiber, same OLT CAT5/6/6A Aggregation & Access switches Distribution switches NOTE TO SPEAKER: Must spend more time on this slide, expanding on all the bullet points in detail, as this makes the business case Another operational inefficiency of these legacy copper-based networks is their local management at each Ethernet switch. Skilled IT pros are forced to execute moves/adds/changes (MACs) by interfacing directly with all these switches spread across multiple physical locations, a process that increases the chances of human error and adds to the expense of everyday LAN operations. Ease of expansion to new areas or for short term additions With ethernet, you must have new ports at the switch to run an ethernet cable all the way from the equipment to the location you want to extend the service With POL, just add a splitter in the area where fiber exists and run a fiber to the new location from the splitter and add an ONT The passive splitters need no maintenance as they are passive devices. Any physical damaged units can be easily replaced by relatively low skilled electrical maintenance staff. The lesser equipment of the POL solution means the annual maintenance costs are lower. Less power consumption means that the running cost of the POL is lower and that the UPS requirements are lighter – so again less capex and lower maintenance costs. The Optical LAN is characterized by a shared point-to-multipoint architecture, a passive optical distribution infrastructure and near-futureproof single-mode fiber connectivity. Similar to cloud-based networks, the OLAN architecture shifts network intelligence to the core and centralizes the management of all far-reaching endpoints. Just as cloud-based computing centrally locates resources for sharing by many users to save energy, space, capital costs, and operational costs, OLAN does precisely the same The intelligence required to manage all endpoints and services resides in the central management system and OLT, an approach which accelerates moves, adds, and changes while reducing human error. The combination of more machine-to-machine communications and fewer human touches improves network availability. Large businesses lose about 4% of annual revenue because of network downtime, and the human factor is responsible for 50%–80% of all network outages. Because an ONT is a thin-client device, it does not store user and provisioning information; only the OLT stores all user policies. IT professionals can install ONTs behind lockable covers or inside walls, with faceplate screws alarmed through the intelligent, centrally located management system. On an ONT, the default state for all Ethernet ports is “disabled,” which means that attackers cannot penetrate them. Finally, because there is no access at ONTs, they are unmanaged and have no local user interface, making them very secure Public

Reap the benefits of passive optical LAN from day one 52% savings in total cost of ownership in year 1 Capex Opex 51% savings 62% savings Source: Bell Labs Passive Optical LAN total cost of ownership study, 2015. Based on 10 floor office building with 2000 PoE Ethernet ports. The key capex savings is in cabling and costs to make up the IDFs and Server Room, apart from floor space and the active electronics itself. Lower HVAC capex has not been considered. The impact of larger UPS requirements for the AE solution have also not been factored. Cabling cost savings is not just in material and laying costs, but the associated support and cable tray costs are also lower. Opex savings are due to energy and maintenance savings. Energy consumption is lower mainly due to lower power consumption for cooling requirements and lower equipment power consumption per Ethernet port. Maintenance costs are lower due to lesser equipment and UPS sizes in POL, with a lower need for maintenance upgrades and patches. Floor space can be considered in either capex (space is bought) or opex (space is rented). Here we consider rent. Also the cost of preparing the space for more equipment as well as HVAC needs (ducting, panelling, carpetting, etc.) adds to Capex but not considered here. Over a period of 5 years, the Total savings is of the order of 55% as the Opex is a recurring saving, year after year. Power and maintenance costs would also tend to increase with inflation over the years enhancing the savings with POL. This example is for a typical enterprise building, 10 floors with a single riser, with an average horizontal cable run of 50m. 2000 Ethernet ports for office PC, phone and conference room use are considered. In this example, the % savings for Cabling (68%), Electronics (11%); Power (53%); Floor Space (60%) and Maintenance (66%). Public

A typical solution for education Classrooms & auditoriums A typical solution for education WI-FI AP Main server room Access Control ONT Splitter 5571 PCC PA WiFi ctrl IP/MPLS UHD display VoIP/PBX 2.5 Gb/s Staff & admin offices 1.25 Gb/s FTTD Surveillance 7750/7450 WDM video coupler 7360 FX (OLT) Patch Panel Fiber distribution Office LAN Internet ONT (in building) Splitter IP/Analog phone Security & room access Building mgmt & control IT & Data Servers Video conference RF/cable TV video EDFA Labs/test centers Virtual desktop ONT 1550nm 1490nm Downstream data Downstream RF video 1310nm Upstream data 3 λs Collaboration group Splitter Building & security management Surveillance Bldg mgmt IP sensors ONT Security & central management The main server room is typically located in the basement of a building. It is shown blown up and outside the building for clarity. The OLT shelf has card with either 8 or 16 Passive Optical Network, PON, ports per card. Each port can be connected to a Single Mode (SM) fiber that is taken to a fiber patch panel in the server room. From there, the fibers are run through the building, using splitters per floor to distribute the fiber to the ONTs. Splitters can be cascaded (one splitter connected to another splitter) Extending the network to a new room or floor is easy. If a spare connection is available at the splitter connection, you simply run a fiber from that splitter to the location you need the service. If there is only a fiber at the location, you can add terminate it at a splitter and splice a new fiber to the existing fiber at the new location and just add an ONT. The wavelengths separate upstream and downstream traffic so there is no contention between upstream and downstream (or even with video traffic) on the same fiber as each wavelength carries the traffic independently. EDFA – Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier. EDFA is an optical repeater device that is used to boost the intensity of optical signals being carried through a fiber optic communications system. An optical fiber is doped with the rare earth element erbium so that the glass fiber can absorb light at one frequency and emit light at another frequency. The typical services that run in the solution are highlighted in the slide. The services are indicative and typically any IP over Ethernet service can be run on a POL network Public

A typical campus solution OLT Central Administration with main server room Lab facilities Library & auditorium Classrooms The solution for one building can be easily extended over to other buildings that are located within 20km from the OLT. So campuses that have many buildings under the same organization can be connected from one conveniently located OLT. Hotels and commercial complexes that encompass many buildings next to each other can also be connected as can resorts with villas and rooms spread over a wide area. The same network topology that is used within a building can be extended to other buildings as well. Fiber from the central OLT is brought to the building and using the same set up of splitters, fiber can be distributed throughout the building and terminate at OLTs to give user ports where needed. Public

5571 passive optical LAN command center Management made easy Intuitive Web User Interface Simplified provisioning Single Click Install ONT auto activation Pre-define service definitions for each usage type Intuitive trouble shooting tools Logical alarm display and management A comprehensive POL management tool, that covers all possible management requirements of the system Public

5571 - realistic network view Easily customized for your environment Upload your floor plans Display ONTs in their actual location Multiple ways to navigate to ONTs By floor plan: displays aggregated stats By tile view Filtered from a list ONT detail view Services OLT shelf, Line Termination (LT) Card and the port it is connected to Alarms Public

1GB network today Traditional LAN Passive Optical LAN Public IP router GE links GE links (on SM fiber) Edge ethernet switches Edge ethernet switches 7360 ISAM FX OLT GE Links Access ethernet switches End user GE run – CAT6 7368 ISAM ONT 7368 ISAM ONT Public

A simple upgrade to 10GB and beyond Traditional LAN Passive Optical LAN New 10GB port/card New 10GB port/card IP router IP router New 10 GE link GE links New 10 GE link GE links (on SM fiber) New OLT card New fiber patch Edge ethernet switches Edge ethernet switches New switch 7360 ISAM FX OLT Wavelength combiner GE Links New 10 GE link Access ethernet switches New switch New ONT End user GE run – CAT6 New end user GE run – CAT6A 7368 ISAM ONT 7368 ISAM ONT Public

Why passive optical LAN is the right choice Collapse and converge Ultra-broadband capacity Savings Legacy networks typically need multiple sub-systems (equipment, cabling and management) to deliver voice, data, video, CCTV, security, WiFi, public announcements… Remove traffic bottlenecks with a Gigabit network to increase the efficiency of interaction and communication between employees, suppliers and customers A future-proof network having a low cost of evolution with a lifespan of +50 years Upfront CAPEX savings (51%) Reduced equipment footprint (60%) Lower power consumption (53%) Lower cooling requirements Cheaper maintenance (66%) Leading to lower OPEX (62%) Reduce complexity with one simple network to deliver all services Improve business performance Lower total cost of ownership/increased savings* Passive optical LAN gives you a flexible, scalable network infrastructure *Source: Bell Labs Passive Optical LAN total cost of ownership study, 2015. Based on 10 floor office building with 2000 PoE Ethernet ports. Public

Nokia: a recognized broadband leader Ranked #1 in FTTH Magic Quadrant Rated Fixed Access Leader in 2015 vendor assessment 22% of global GPON market; shipped 26M+ ports. Only vendor with strong presence in all regions Gartner ranked ALU #1 in the 2014 magic quadrant for fiber to the home. The report was retired after this due to the product reaching full maturity. Current Analysis ranked ALU as a leader in the 2015 vendor fixed access assessment. Dell Oro ranked ALU with 22% of the global GPON market for FY2014, with the company reporting +18M ports shipped. Public