Canada Before Confederation

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Presentation transcript:

Canada Before Confederation 1840-1867 Growth and Change

Canada Before Confederation

Canada Before Confederation The Great Migration Total 2 502 000 4 307 000 5 801 000

The Great Migration Where are they coming from? Escaped African American slaves from southern USA the UK Scotland England Wales Ireland – The Great Potato Famine – potato crop failed two years in a row; 1845 and 1846 Millions of Irish were slowly starving to death

The Great Migration How are they getting here? Overcrowded sailing ships The “Underground Railroad”

Canada Before Confederation The Arrival

Canada Before Confederation The colonies and the mother country The colonies of BNA got preferential treatment in trading with Britain Protective tariffs The economy flourished under these conditions – times were good Wheat, lumber and other products sold well in Britain This prosperity attracted new immigrants

Canada Before Confederation The end of the “Good Times The Industrial Revolution is progressing along at a lightning-quick pace Factory owners in Britain and USA push for Free Trade End of Colonial Preference and the “Corn Laws” Colonial businesses start to hit some hard times Many businesses in the colonies are in danger of going bankrupt

Canada Before Confederation Lord Elgin to the Rescue Lord Elgin, Governor General 1846-1854 Lord Elgin personally intervenes to improve things Travels to Washington, D.C. Negotiates a free trade agreement with the U.S. Government The Reciprocity Treaty of 1854 Agreement to remove any protective tariffs on cross-border trade between B.N.A. and U.S.

Canada Before Confederation The Industrial Revolution Scientific & Engineering Progress Improved transportation options Canals to connect waterways Lachine Canal 1823 Welland Canal 1829 Rideau Canal 1832 Railroads to connect cities Grand Trunk Railroad 1852 Great Western Railway 1853 Steam ships Faster water travel 6626

Canada Before Confederation Railways

Canada Before Confederation The State of the Nation By the 1860s, British North America is: Population is growing quickly from immigration Having a vibrant economy Connections between colonies are growing stronger because of easier travel This growing sense of unity will combine with a sense of urgency because of events in the USA

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