Intro to Art Study Guide! Take notes, you will need them!

Little Shannon Forgot To Vacuum Some Crumbs Elements of Art Define and identify and/or explain the following (use examples): Little Shannon Forgot To Vacuum Some Crumbs Line – is defined as a mark with length and direction, created by a point that moves across a surface Shape – is a flat figure created when actual or implied lines meet to surround a space. Shapes may be geometric or organic Form – is any three-dimensional object Texture – the way a surface feels (actual texture) or how it may look (implied texture). Value – The range of light and dark on a shape or form or in an entire space. Value is the amount of lightness or darkness in a color Space (positive and negative) – the empty or open area between, around, above, below, or within objects Color – The perceived character of a surface according to the wavelength of light reflected from it

Principles of Design Balance – is a feeling of visual equality in shape, form, value, color, etc.  Balance can be symmetrical or evenly balanced or asymmetrical and un-evenly balanced. Asymmetrical A type of balance in which both sides of a composition are balanced yet different. Symmetrical - A type of balance in which both sides of a composition are the same. Rhythm – the repeated use of similar elements such as color, line, or shape - the smooth transition from one part to another Unity – is the harmony of all visual elements in a composition Contrast – shows difference between the elements of art, which are: line, color, shape, value, space, and texture Emphasis - is given to a center of interest, which might be the largest, brightest, or lightest subject

Color Define and identify and/or explain the following (use examples): Color Wheel – The circular chart used to remember color relationships Analogous – three colors that are adjacent or next to one another on a color wheel Cool Colors – Blue, green, violet: colors that represent cold things ie ice, water etc… Warm Colors – Yellow, red, orange; colors that represent warm things ie fire, sun etc… Complimentary – colors directly opposite another on a color wheel and providing the greatest chromatic contrast to it Triad Color Scheme – A color scheme in which 3 colors of equidistant distribution on the color wheel are used, The color plan of red, yellow and blue is an example of a triad color schemes Primary Colors – are colors that cannot be created by mixing other colors

Secondary Colors – a color produced by mixing two primary colors in equal proportions Tertiary Colors – is a color made by mixing one primary color with one secondary color Monochromatic – This color scheme involves the use of only one hue. The hue can vary in value, and black or white may be added to create various shades or tints Intensity – the brightness or dullness of a color Shade – a color which has been mixed with black; has a darker value Tint – color which has been mixed with white; has a lighter value Neutrals – Colors that go with all color plans-- white, black, gray and brown Draw a small example of a color wheel for reference. Remember, there are 12 colors on a standard color wheel.

Basic Art Terms Define and identify and/or explain the following (use examples): Label the diagram. Light Source – where the light in a drawing or painting is coming from 2. Highlight – the lightest spot or area 3. Midtone – the shade or color of a form without adding a dark or light 4. Dark – the area of a form that is not exposed to light 5. Shadow – a dark figure or image cast on the ground or some surface by a body intercepting light 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Landscapes – A painting, drawing, photograph, etc of outdoor scenery Portraits – When the subject of a work of art is a person’s face Self- Portraits – When an artist poses for their own portrait Caricature – a portrait that exaggerates or distorts the essence of a person or thing to create an easily identifiable visual likeness Horizontal – holding your paper or canvas long ways Vertical – holding your paper or canvas up and down Color Scheme – A plan for selecting colors for a composition Contrast – shows difference between the elements of art, which are: line, color, shape, value, space, and texture Opaque – Cannot see through Transparent – Can see through One Point Perspective – A system of spatial illusion in 2D art that is based on the convergence of parallel lines to a common vanishing point on the horizon line Two Point Perspective – A system of spatial illusion in 2D art that is based on the convergence of parallel lines to two vanishing points on the horizon line

Vanishing Point – all lines lead to this point which may be on or off the canvas Horizon Line – An imaginary line, where the sky meets the ground at eye level Receding Lines – The lines used in perspective that slope backward to the vanishing point(s) Gesture Drawing – Quick sketches that show movement. Warm up sketches Blind Contour Line Drawing – Long, continuous, concentrated drawing following the contours of a figure without lifting the pencil or looking at the paper. Figure Drawing – Drawing from a model traditionally using compressed and vine charcoal. Still Life –A drawing, painting, or photograph of inanimate objects in an artificial setting. Medium – the material used in a piece of art . Composition – How things are laid out on the page/surface.

1. Gradation – a shading technique that has gradual passing from one tint or shade to another 2. Stippling – a shading technique using small dots to create values 3. Hatching – a shading technique in which fine lines are drawn close together 4. Cross Hatching – a shading technique that uses two series of parallel lines that intersect 1. 2. 3. 4.

Material Define and identify and/or explain the following (use examples): Acrylic Paint – Plastic based paint developed in the 50s. Dries quickly and can be layer for thick texture. Xacto Knife – Sharp blade used for detailed cutting Palette – Could be plastic, metal, wax paper but it is meant to have paint on it and mix colors on before they are applied to the canvas/board/paper. Paper Quilling – A craft that French and Italian Monks created after they made books. The used quills to wrap strips of paper around to create intricate designs. Shading Pencils – Pencils that have a variety of graphite that show a difference is darkness when it is applied to the paper. 3H being the lightest, H, HB, 2B, 3B, 4B, 6B, even 8B Charcoal – Dusty material traditionally used in figure drawing. Vane charcoal is thin and fragile, Used mainly for a basic outline. Compressed charcoal is used for longer poses and get darker marks and works well for shadows

Artists/Genres Define and identify and/or explain the following (use examples): Abstract Art – In general, there are two types of abstract paintings. The first type of abstract painting portrays objects that have been "abstracted" (taken) from nature. Although what you see may not look realistic, it is close enough that you can, at least, get an idea of what you are looking at. A second type of abstract painting, sometimes referred to as "pure" abstract art, is even more obtuse. Such paintings do not reflect any form of conventional reality: all you see are shapes, colors, lines, patterns, and so on Jackson Pollock 19172-1956 – American Abstract Painter. AKA Jack the Dripper. Created nonobjective abstract artwork.

Andrew Wyeth1917-2009 – American Painter. Born in Virginia Andrew Wyeth1917-2009 – American Painter. Born in Virginia. Painted his neighbors in Maine often Christina’s World- Painting of Christina Olson. Paralyzed from the waist down. Would crawl to move around the farm. Vincent Van Gogh 1853-1890 – Dutch Post Impressionist painter. Went made and lived the later years in life in a mental institution where he painted the infamous The Starry Night. Cut off his ear because of a fight over a prostitute. Starry Night – Painting of the town Saint Remey.

Roy Liechtenstein 1923-1997 – American Painter. Pop Artist Roy Liechtenstein 1923-1997 – American Painter. Pop Artist. Used a comic book style to create his large works. In the Car 1963 – Salvador Dali 1904-1989 – Surrealist Spanish painter. Also created films. Used his dreams and fantasies to create vivid paintings and etchings., Persistence of Memories 1931 –

GOOD LUCK!!!