DO NOW EOC REVIEW PG. 197 WED. 4/19/17

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DO NOW EOC REVIEW PG. 197 WED. 4/19/17 What is a protein channel? Describe energy for: passive transport active transport What are the 4 biomolecules of life? PS- TURN IN HOMEWORK

Biomolecules, Enzymes & Viruses

Chemistry of Life-BioChemistry Organic Molecule: Contains which of the following: C, H, O, N, P Made up of: Function Examples Carbohydrates C, H, O Sugars & starches Main source of energy for living things Structural support for plants Glucose Fructose Glycogen Lipids Fatty acid & glycerol Store energy for living things Compose bi-layer in all cell membranes Leaves translucent spots on paper Steroids = chemical messengers Fats Oils Waxes Proteins C, H, O, N Amino Acids Regulate cell processes. Form bones & muscle. Transport substances in & out of cells. Fight off disease. (Immune System) Enzymes Nucleic Acids Nucleotides Stores genetic material DNA RNA Chemistry of Life-BioChemistry

ENZYMES A. substrate/reactant B. Enzyme C. enzyme-substrate complex D. enzyme (unchanged) E. Product

ENZYMES What is the function of an enzyme? How do temperature and pH affect enzymes? What is pH? Acids have pH BELOW 7  Bases have pH ABOVE 7 Neutral solutions have pH of 7 Acts as a biological catalyst, speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction  Most enzymes work best in certain conditions. A change in those conditions will cause denaturing. Too high or too low temps or pH will cause the enzyme to no longer work properly  

Can reproduce- binary fission DNA in an area called the nucleoid Viruses- Page 12 Viruses Bacteria Non living DNA enclosed in a capsid Much smaller Must use a host to reproduce Many are preventable with vaccines Living Can reproduce- binary fission DNA in an area called the nucleoid Treatable with antibiotics

Viral Reproduction Lytic Infection Lysogenic Infection Virus attaches and enters host cell Viral DNA takes over Cell makes new viruses Cell lysis (burst) releasing newly formed viruses Have symptoms of illness EX: Cold, Flu Virus attaches and enters host cell Viral DNA joins the cell’s DNA Cell continues to function normally When cell reproduces so does the viral DNA (that’s how it spreads) No symptoms of illness Upon a trigger the infected cells will enter the Lytic cycle Ex: HIV, Herpes