Electric Charges

Intro: Matter is made up of two electric charges, positive and negative An equal number of positive and negative charges makes an object neutral

What makes up matter? Protons = (+) charge Electrons = (-) charge Neutrons = (0) charge

BONDS Ionic Polar Covalent Nonpolar Covalent Gaining or losing electrons Metal + Nonmetal Charged particle Polar Covalent Uneven sharing of electrons Nonmetal + Nonmetal Partial charged particle Nonpolar Covalent Even sharing of electrons No net charged particle

Intro Electric Forces Electrical Force – the force created b/w charges, can attract or repel

Intro Conductors – objects in which electrical current easily passes through such as metals

Conductors and Insulators electrical current easily passes through EX. Metals Insulators – electrons do not move easily through these Ex. Nonmetals such as plastic, wood, paper, and rubber

The flow of ELECTRONS through a conductor. WHAT IS ELECTRICITY? The flow of ELECTRONS through a conductor.

What is the Force between Electric Charges? Causes of Force Distance between the charges Amount of charge

units Electric charge (q) SI Units of measurement =Coulombs (C)

Static electricity The accumulation of extra electric charge (unequally balanced) usually charged by friction. Ex. Lightening Balloon picking up paper or sticking to a wall

Electric Force vs gravitational force strength Which is stronger, electric force or gravitational force? How do you know?

Gravitational FORCE VS. ELECTRIC FORCE Gravitational forces are much weaker than electric forces Comb and Water VIDEO

ANSWER The correct answer should be the Electric Force is strongest! Why? Because like you witnessed in the video the electric force can overcome the gravitational pull of the Earth; and the Strong Electric Force is responsible for holding together the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. An atom’s nucleus can only be split by nuclear fusion, which cannot be done on Earth and gravity can’t do this!

Problems Which of the following objects is the best conductor? A. Water B. Rope C. Copper D. Plastic

Problems Which type of force is the strongest? A. Gravitational Force B. Electric Force

Problems Which of the following depicts the correct charge of the balloon and the wall?

Problems Which type of bond in between elements causes the strongest attraction? A. Nonpolar Covalent Bond B. Polar Covalent Bond C. Ionic Bond D. Hydrogen Bond

Problems The imbalance of an electric charge is known as? A. Charged Electricity B. Static Electricity C. Contact Electricity D. Negative Electricity