Polarity and Physical Properties Review

Which of the following bonds is most polar? Br-Cl Br-F I-Cl I-F 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

If X has a higher electronegativity than Y, which of the following is true Y will have positive charge X will have a positive charge Both X and Y will have a negative charge Neither atom will have a charge. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

The ammonia molecule, NH3, is: Asymmetrical and polar Symmetrical and non- polar Asymmetrical and non- polar Symmetrical and polar 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

The carbon dioxide molecule, CO2, is: Asymmetrical and polar Symmetrical and non-polar Asymmetrical and non-polar Symmetrical and polar 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

A molecule with polar bonds is always polar. True False 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

The intermolecular force experienced by polar molecules is Ionic bonding Dipole-Dipole Force Dispersion force Ion-dipole force 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

The intermolecular force experienced by non-polar molecules is Ionic bonding Dipole-Dipole Force Dispersion force Ion-dipole force 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

The strongest type of intermolecular force is Covalent Bonding Dispersion force Dipole-Dipole Force Hydrogen Bonding 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

The strongest type of intermolecular force experienced by HCl is Dispersion force Dipole-Dipole Force Hydrogen Bonding 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Which of the following is not an intermolecular force Hydrogen Bond Dipole-Dipole Force Dispersion Force Covalent Bond 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Which is the strongest intermolecular force experienced by ammonia? Hydrogen Bonding Dipole-Dipole Forces Dispersion Forces Polar bonding 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Which is the strongest intermolecular force experienced by CO2? Hydrogen Bonding Dipole-Dipole Forces Dispersion Forces Polar Bonding 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

The green dashed lines in the diagram could represent all of the following except... Hydrogen Bonds Intermolecular forces Covalent bond Dipole-dipole force 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

What type of bond breaks when water boils __? Green dashed lines Solid red lines Both dashed and solid lines None of the above 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Which picture accurately portrays what occurs when ice melts into a liquid. 1 2 3 Choice One Choice Two Choice Three 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Which picture accurately portrays what occurs when solid becomes a gas? 1 2 3 Choice One Choice Two Choice Three 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Bonding between two elements of equal electronegativity would be 100% covalent Primarily Ionic 50% Ionic Metallic in character 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

The type of bond in a compound containing G and E would be A metallic bond A nonmetallic bond A covalent bond An ionic bond 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Which of the following is likely to be a solid at room temperature? A small molecule with only non-polar covalent bonds A large molecule with many O-H bonds. A small molecule with some polar bonds and some non-polar bonds. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

If the difference in electronegativity between atoms of different non-metals is small, the atoms of the two non-metals will most likely – Form an ionic bond Form a hydrogen bond Form a covalent bond Form a metallic bond 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

If the electronegativity difference between two non-metals is 1 If the electronegativity difference between two non-metals is 1.7, the bond will most likely be Hydrogen bond Non-polar bond Polar bond Dipole-dipole bond Ionic bond 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Which of the following is most likely the electronegativity value for chlorine? 3.5 F 4.0 S 2.5 Cl ? Se 2.4 Br 2.8 2.3 2.7 3.0 4.2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

As heat is added to a substance undergoing a phase change, the temperature remains constant because the energy is being used to --- Break covalent bonds Lower the specific heat capacity Overcome intermolecular forces Oppose electron cloud repulsions. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Have stronger intermolecular attractions Molar Heat of Vaporization H2O = 40.7 kJ/mol NH3=23.4 kJ/mol Water and ammonia have different molar heats of vaporization. The best interpretation, at the molecular level, is that water molecules Have stronger intermolecular attractions Occupy larger molecular volumes Set up stronger repulsive nuclear forces Collide more frequently with each other 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Sodium chloride conducts electricity when dissolved in water Sodium chloride conducts electricity when dissolved in water. What type of bond is present in NaCl? Nonpolar covalent Polar covalent Hydrogen Ionic 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Molecules with hydrogen bonding have higher _______ than molecules with dispersion forces Surface tension Boiling points Heats of fusion 1 and 3 only 1,2 and 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Which of the following will have the lowest melting point and likely be a gas at room temperature Non-polar compounds Polar compounds Ionic compounds Metallic compounds 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Which of the following diatomic gases will have the weakest dispersion forces? Chlorine Hydrogen Iodine Oxygen 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Which of the following diatomic gases will have the lowest boiling point? Chlorine Hydrogen Iodine Oxygen 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Which of the following will evaporate the slowest? Ammonia, because it can hydrogen bond Formaldehyde which has dipole-dipole forces Propane which as dispersion forces 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Two liquids will be miscible if At least one is capable of hydrogen bonding. They are both polar. One is polar and the other is non-polar. One has stronger intermolecular forces than the other. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

The rule “like dissolves like” refers to Substances with charges will be soluble in one another Substances with the same intermolecular forces will mix Substances that are both capable of hydrogen bonding will be miscible All of the above. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Substance A is more viscous than substance B, therefore A has stronger intermolecular forces than B because A will flow more easily than B A has weaker intermolecular forces than B because A will flow more easily than B A has stronger intermolecular forces than B because A will not flow as easily well as B A has weaker intermolecular forces than B because A will not flow as easily well as B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Which of the following has the highest volatility? Molecules with hydrogen bonding Molecules with dipole-dipole forces Molecules with dispersion forces 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Which of the following has the highest vapor pressure? Molecules with hydrogen bonding Molecules with dipole-dipole forces Molecules with dispersion forces 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Which of the following has the highest heat of fusion? Molecules with hydrogen bonding Molecules with dipole-dipole forces Molecules with dispersion forces 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Which of the following has the highest heat of vaporization? Molecules with hydrogen bonding Molecules with dipole-dipole forces Molecules with dispersion forces 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Which of the following has the highest heat of vaporization? Molecules with hydrogen bonding Molecules with dipole-dipole forces Molecules with dispersion forces 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Which of the following has the highest vapor pressure? ethanol acetone Water syrup 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24