Conductors are materials in which electrons can move easily.

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Presentation transcript:

Conductors are materials in which electrons can move easily.

Conductors a conductor is a material which contains movable electric charges. "Conductor" implies that the outer electrons of the atoms are loosely bound and free to move through the material All conductors contain electric charges conductors are metallic. Example: Copper - used for electrical wiring Gold - high-quality surface-to-surface contacts Silver is more conductive metals are good electrical conductors Metals are also generally good heat conductors

Conductors are materials such as copper, aluminium, silver Conductors are materials such as copper, aluminium, silver... They usually are metals. The fact that electric fields do not penetrate into conductors explains why light, which is an electromagnetic wave, also does not penetrate into a metal. A radio wave, which is just a long wavelength light signal, does not propagate underneath a bridge or into a tunnel because of the steel reinforcements in the concrete.

Conductors: silver copper gold aluminum iron steel brass bronze mercury graphite dirty water concrete

Insulators Insulators are materials that have just the opposite effect on the flow of electrons. They do not let electrons flow very easily from one atom to another. Insulators are materials whose atoms have tightly bound electrons. These electrons are not free to roam around and be shared by neighboring atoms. Some common insulator materials are glass, plastic, rubber, air, and wood Insulators are materials that have just the opposite effect on the flow of electrons. They do not let electrons flow very easily from one atom to another. Insulators are materials whose atoms have tightly bound electrons. These electrons are not free to roam around and be shared by neighboring atoms. Some common insulator materials are glass, plastic, rubber, air, and wood.

An insulator, also called a dielectric, is a material that resists the flow of electric current. An insulating material has atoms with tightly bonded valence electrons. These materials are used in parts of electrical equipment, also called insulators or insulation, intended to support or separate electrical conductors without passing current through themselves. The term is also used more specifically to refer to insulating supports that attach electric power transmission wires to utility poles or pylons. Some materials such as glass, paper or Teflon are very good electrical insulators. A much larger class of materials, for example rubber-like polymers and most plastics are still "good enough" to insulate electrical wiring and cables even though they may have lower bulk resistivity

Insulators: glass rubber oil asphalt fiberglass porcelain ceramic quartz (dry) cotton (dry) paper (dry) wood plastic air diamond pure water