BELLWORK: Block 2 Use “The Black Plague” reading to answer the following questions. List three theories on the causes of the Black Plague. What actually caused the Black Plague? How did the Black Plague spread? What is the difference between the Bubonic Plague and the Pneumonic Plague? Explain the symptoms of the Black Plague. How did the Black Plague affect Europe?

Government Reform In 1215, the Magna Carta, was signed by King John of England. (forced) This important document: Limited the King’s powers Protected citizen’s privileges Respected the rights of the church and religion

The Bubonic Plague The Bubonic Plague, also known as The Black Plague or The Black Death spread throughout Europe between 1348-1350. The Black Plague was one of the most devastating pandemics in history: Killed 1/3 of the population in Europe and Asia Reduced world’s population from 450M to 350M by 1400. It took 150 years for Europe’s population to recover Started in East Asia and spread west throughout Europe

Spread of the Black Plague in Europe

The Bubonic Plague Symptoms started with the appearance of boils in the neck and armpits, which oozed pus and blood when opened. Followed by a severe fever and vomiting of blood Body would be covered with black spots and rashes Sometimes it infected the lungs and caused respiratory problems. Most victims died within 2-7 days after infection.

A scene showing plague-infected monks being blessed by a priest A scene showing plague-infected monks being blessed by a priest. England - 1360

Some countries chose to burn infected people in groups.

Do you know this nursery rhyme? Ring around the rosies Pockets full of posies Ashes, ashes, We all fall down. A rosie rash and rings on your skin were symptoms of the Black Plague! Posies of herbs were carried as protection and to ward off the smell Ashes, Ashes refers variously to the cremation of bodies, the burning of victims’ houses, or the blackening of their skin

Map Quiz Friday!!!!! Are you ready?!?!

The Crusades The Crusades: Series of nine military battles where European Christians tried to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims. 1096-1254 Why might a war fought for religion seem contradictory to their beliefs?

The Crusades - background In the 1000’s, the Seljuk Turks (from Central Asia) took control of Jerusalem and surrounding areas. Jerusalem was a sacred city for Jews, Muslims and Christians……. All wanted control! The purpose of the Crusades was for the Christians to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims. Muslims (Turks/Seljuks) vs. Christians (Rome/Byzantine) After about 160 years of fighting, the Muslims won! To learn more about these important religious battles, you are going to complete a worksheet. We will do some portions together, so follow along!

The First Crusade 1096-1099 Ended with the Christian capture of Jerusalem

The Second Crusade 1147-1149 In response to the fall of the County of Edessa under Muslim control (one of the first Crusader states established during First Crusade) King Louis VII of France and Holy Roman Emperor Conrad III led their armies, but fought constantly Muslims defeated the Christians and regained control of the Holy Land

The Third Crusade 1189-1192 In response to the loss of Jerusalem to Muslims. “Crusade of Kings” (France, England, Holy Roman) Saladin, a Muslim leader, united all Muslims and developed a well-trained and advanced army The Christians were unsuccessful and could not capture Jerusalem.

Effects of the Crusades

Engineering an Empire: The Byzantines

Nursery Rhymes Nursery Rhymes were the earliest political cartoons. At the time, it was extremely dangerous to criticize the government, so people disguised their feelings with nursery rhymes. We are going to read three of the most popular nursery rhymes and learn what they really mean.