Model developments in the past year in China Bin Wang Contributors: IAP, THU, BCC, BNU, FIO, NUIST, CAMS WGCM 19, 17-20 Oct, 2015, Dubrovnik, Croatia

Model Groups Group name Affiliation Model name LASG/IAP Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) FGOALS IAP/CAS CAS ESM CESS/THU Center for Earth System Science (CESS), Tsinghua University (THU) CICSM BNU Beijing Normal University (BNU) BNU-ESM NUIST Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST) NUIST-CSM BCC Beijing Climate Center (BCC) / China Meteorological Administration (CMA) BCC-ESM/CSM CAMS Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science (CAMS) / CMA CAMS-CSM FIO First Institute of Oceanography (FIO) / State Oceanic Administration (SOA) FIO-ESM FGOALS: Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System CICSM / CIESM: Community Integrated CSM / ESM

Model Names Affiliation ESM/CSM AGCM LSM OGCM SIM CAS FGOALS CAS ESM FAMIL 2.1 GAMIL 2.1 CLM4.5 LICOM 2.1 + HAMOCC CICE4.0 CAS ESM IAP4.2 CoLM + DGVM LICOM2 + OBGCM CICE Universities CICSM FDAM 1.0 POP2 BNU-ESM CAM5 CoLM + improved biogeochem schem MOM4p1 + new ecosystem schem Improved CICE4.1 NUIST-CSM ECHAM –NUIST Modified ECHAM5.3 Land Model NEMO 3.4 CICE 4.1 CMA BCC-ESM / BCC-CSM BCC-AGCM3-Ch BCC-AGCM3-MR BCC-AGCM3-HR BCC-AVIM2 MOM4-HAMOCC CICE5 CAMS-CSM ECHAM5.0 CoLM LICOM2 SOA FIO-ESM CAM4 / CAM5 NEMO3.6 + MASNUM Wave model

Model Resolutions Affiliation ESM/CSM AGCM / LSM OGCM/SIM CAS FGOALS 100, 50, 25km; L32, L64 for FAMIL 1⁰x1⁰ L26 for GAMIL 10, 100km; L30 CAS ESM 1⁰x1⁰ L26 1⁰ x 1⁰ (0.5⁰ near EQ) L30 Universities CICSM BNU-ESM 144x96, 288x192; L30 360x200 L50 NUIST-CSM T159/T42 L31 1⁰ x 1⁰ (0.25⁰ near EQ) L31 Sea ice: 1⁰ x 0.5⁰ CMA BCC-ESM / BCC-CSM T42 L26 for ESM-LR T106 L46 for CSM-MR T266 L26 for CSM-HR 1/3 ⁰ in 50S-50N 1/3-1⁰ in 50N-60N 1⁰ in high latitudes CAMS-CSM T106 L31 SOA FIO-ESM 200, 100, 50 km; L26 100, 50, 25 km; L75 WAV: 200, 100, 50 km

18 MIPs are considered by the model groups in China Short name of MIP CAS Universities CMA SOA Total FGOALS CAS ESM THU BNU NUIST BCC CAMS FIO 1 AerChemMIP 2 C4MIP 3 CFMIP 5 4 DAMIP DCPP 6 FAFMIP 7 GeoMIP 8 GMMIP 9 HighResMIP 10 LS3MIP 11 LUMIP 12 OMIP 13 PMIP 14 RFMIP 15 ScenarioMIP 16 SIMIP 17 VolMIP 18 CORDEX do not plan to contribute simulations plan to contribute simulations Not sure yet

Main Progress in China Resolutions are increased generally in the horizontal and partly in the vertical, comparing with the CMIP5 models in China; Some schemes related to key processes of moist physics, surface or boundary layer are improved or updated, and thus biases in precipitation, temperature, shortwave cloud radiative forcing, and so on are reduced;

Main Progress in China Terrestrial and marine ecosystem components are developed or improved, and are applied to establishment of ESMs in China The self-designed coupler, C-Coupler, is further improved with enhanced functions, which are applied to building of CSM/ESMs or their components in China.

Improved simulations in clouds by GAMIL (Due to the improvements in the cloud overlap scheme and the boundary layer scheme) Total cloud fraction Shortwave cloud raditive forcing biases OBS Control simulation Simulation Improved simulation (LASG/IAP)

(CESS/THU) Xie-Arkin Observations 60 years of coupled model simulation after using improved convection scheme Xie-Arkin Observations

Impact of vapor transport scheme (Two-Step Shape-Preserving Advection Scheme, TSPAS) on precipitation CTRL (FFSL scheme) (CAMS) TSPAS CTRL-TRMM TSPAS-CTRL Annual mean precipitation by different vapor transport scheme in ECHAM5(T106L31) model. (a) FFSL; (b) TSPAS; (c) difference between FFSL and TRMM; (d) difference between TSPAS and FFSL scheme. Overestimation of precipitation near the Tibetan Plateau was improved by TSPAS scheme.

Impact of land model on surface temperature simulation (CAMS) (a) (b) Bias of annual mean surface temperature by different land component in ECHAM5 model (T42L31) . (a) ECHAM land process; (b) CoLM land model. Cold bias over the northern Eurasian continent was improved by the CoLM land model.

CAS ESM Simulation Example Observation Evergreen Tree Evergreen Tree Evaluation of the model suggests that the model shows a strong ability in reproducing global vegetation. 目前的一些模式评估结果 Deciduous Tree Deciduous Tree IAP Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (DGVM) will be used for carbon cycle experiments

Significant improvements of C-Coupler1 (THU) Dynamic 3-D coupling: for modularized 3-D coupling between an atmosphere model and a chemistry model Enhancement for worldwide bitwise identical reproducibility on the C-Coupler platform A new adaptive data transfer library: significantly improves the parallel performance of data transfer in model coupling CosFiD: a new tool based on bitwise identical reproducibility, for detecting model code bugs and compiler code bugs ATM ICE LND OCN Coupler C-Coupler1

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