The Mayan Civilization

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Presentation transcript:

The Mayan Civilization

Range and Name Maya is not the word for the people Maya was the word used by the Spanish to describe the people The Mayan Civilization ranged from Southern Mexico through Northern Honduras The greatest concentration of people lie in Guatemala, the Yucatan, and Belize

Mayan History The Mayan culture is divided into three periods: Preclassic – 600 BC – 250 AD Classic – 250 AD – 900 AD Post – Classic – 900 AD – 1600 AD

Preclassic Period Mayan migration from Yucatan to Guatemalan lowlands Kukulcan, the founder of the Mayan kingdom moved into Guatemala Period characterized by sedentary communities with simple construction

Classic Period The Classic period (c. 250 CE–900 CE) witnessed the peak of large-scale construction and urbanism, the recording of monumental inscriptions, and a period of significant intellectual and artistic development, particularly in the southern lowland regions Begun when “Fire is Born” brings the culture of Teotihuacán to the Maya Period highlighted by massive city-states throughout the Mayan world fighting for control Tikal, Calakmul, Palenque

Post Classic Period After the decline of the Maya, the Post Classic period begins Period is highlighted by a move of major urban centers from Peten, Guatemala (Tikal), Belize, and Southern Mexico to the Northern Yucatan Peninsula (Chichen Itza)

Pre-Classic Period Architecture

Classic Period Architecture

Social and Political Structure The Mayan Empire was never one cohesive empire Closest the Mayans ever came to a united empire was during the height of Tikal’s power Rather a collection of various city-states that fought for control (Big city and its suburbs) Some big cities allied themselves with huge cities hundreds of miles away Allegiances were sealed with marriages City-States were ruled by a Monarch (King or Queen) Unlike some other cultures women could rule Ruling power was hereditary (passed from father to son) Under the King was the royal family Royal family served as the priests Then warriors, then businessmen, then farmers